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chapter 4
44 cards·by authentic_yauni
is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
solution
is the substance present in a smaller amount
solute
the substance present in a larger amount
solvent
the solute is initially a liquid gas or solid
aqueous solution
a substance that when disolved in water conduct electricty
electrolyte
does not conduct electricty when dissolved in water
nonelectrolyte
the process in which is surronded by water molecules arranged in specific manner
hydration
reaction that can occur in both directions
reversible reaction
the formation of an insoluble product or preciptate
precipitation reaction
is an insoluble solid that separates from the solution
precipitate
an exchange of parts between two compounds
double displacement or methathesis reaction
the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in any given quantity of solvent at a specific
temperature
soulbility
identifies the reagents
molecular equation
shows the dissolved species as free ions
ionic equation
ions that are involved in overall reaction
spectator ions
proton donor
bronsted acid
proton acceptor
bronsted base
hydrated proton
hydronium ion
each unit of the acid yields one hydrogen ion upon ionization
monoprotic acids
each unit of the acidgives up two H+ in two seperate steps
diproctic acid
which yields three H+ ions and relatively few in number
triproctic acids
question
answer
reaction between an acid and a base
neutralization reaction
an ionic compound made up of a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH-
salt
electrons involved in redox reaction
half reaction
refers to half reaction that involves loss of electrons
oxidation reaction
gain of elctrons
reduction reaction
donates electrons
reducing agent
accepts electrons
oxidizing agent
signifies the number of charges the atom would have in the molecule
oxidation number
a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single product
combination reaction
a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen
combustion reaction
an ion replaced by a ion or or atom of another element
displacement reaction
hydrogen, metal, and halogen are all forms of
displacment reaction
an element in one oxidation state that simentaneously oxidized or reduced
disproportation reaction
the amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent
concentration of solution
the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
molarity concentration/ molarity (M)
the procedure preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one
dilution
determination of the amount of concentration of a substance in a sample
quantitative analysis
anaylitical technique based on measurement of mass
gravimetric analysis
solution of accurately known concentration
titration
technique
titration
the point at which the acid has completely reacted
equivalence point
substances that have distinctly different acidic and basic media
indicators