bio1test

112 cards·by soldiersanz

Cell division difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission Eukaryotic cells divide by Mitosis

DNA difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells DNA is circular, it is not in the nucleus Eukaryotic cells is linear, DNA is in the nucleus

membrane bound difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane bound organelles (not organized) Eukaryotic cells have membrance bound organelles (organized)

What are the three domains of life

Bacteria Arechaea Eukarya

Bateria and Arechaeae are

prokaryotic

Eukarya are

Eukaryotic

most successful organisms on earth

Bacteria and Archaea

term for Baceria and Archaea forming colonies

unicellular (form colonies)

when Bacteria and Archaea live in communities, they form

bio film

What are the 3 different shapes of bacteria

spirillum (helical) Bacillus (almost rectangle) Coccus (cirlces)

axial filaments act as

muscles to move a cell (Prokaryotic )

3 distinctive means of locomation

axial filaments, Gas Vesticles, flagella

emits gas to move like a sub

Gas vesicles

Moves a cell like a propeller on a boat

flagella

Binary Fission is

very fast

Exchange of genetic material is possible by

conjugation through the pilus

intercellular communication is possilbe by

chemical and light

Bacteria are metabolically diverse and because of this prokaryotes are

ubiguitous

what are bacteria that need oxygen called

obligate aerobes

what are bacteria that die from oxygen called

obligate anerobes

faculative anerobes

a combination of obligate aerobes and obligate anerobes

Groups of Spirochetes are

gram negative, motile, chemoheterotrophic. Many are human parasites

examples of spirochetes are

examples of spirochetes are syphilis and lime diesease

5 methods to classify Eukaryotes

Structural Similarities, modes of locomation, pigment, modes of nutrition, evolutionary history either DNA noclotoide sequence or protein sr

Evolutionary histroy is also known as

phylogeny

What is a protist

the organisms from which all other eukaryotes evolved

3 common characteristics to all protists

first eukaryotic organisms on earth, live in environments that are moist, almost all are microscopic

1/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

cell wall is lost

2/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

membranes will fold inward

3/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

cytoskeleton forms

4/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

ribosomes find membranes

5/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

some membranes begin to form nucleus

6/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

microtubules from cytoskeleton form flagella

7/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

increases surface area w/o volume increase

8/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

ingested bacteria become mitochondria

9/9 steps of a prokaryote becoming a eukaryote

ingested cyanobacteria become chloroplasts endosymbiosis

protists invented

sex

domains bacteria and archaea reproduce

asexually by binary fission

domain eukarya reproduce

asexually and sexually

what is the significance of sexual reproduction

new gene combination, variety among offspring, evolution by natural selection

what are 3 classification of protists

plant, animal, fungus

plant protist are called

Algae

animal protist are called

Protozoa

Fungus protists are called

Slime Molds

This Algae Phylum is Chlorophyta AKA

the Green Algae

This Algae Phylum has the most diverse and familiar protists

Chlorophyta

This Algae Phylum has ancestral to green plants

Chlorophyta

Chlamydomonas, volvox, and ulva are representative organisms of what algae phylum

Chlorophyta

This Algae Phylum has the brown algae aka

Phaeophyta

primarily marine

Phaeophyta

This Algae Phylum has no unicellular forms

Phaeophyta

This Algae Phylum prefers cooler waters

phaeophyta

fucus and laminaria are representative of this Algae Phylum

Phaeophyta

This Algae Phylum has aka the red algae

rhodophyta

This Algae Phylum prefers warm water

Rhodophyta

This Algae Phylum is a source of agar

Rhodophyta

This Algae Phylum is a source of carnageenans

Rhodophyta

chondrus crispus, porphyra, and polysiphonia are representive organisms of

rhodophyta

This Algae Phylum has bacillariophyta aka

diatoms

This Algae Phylum cell walls are made of Si02 (glass)

diatoms

This Algae Phylum is most numerous of the ocean producers

diatoms

This Algae Phylum has aka the dinoflagellates

Dinozoa

This Algae Phylum has two flagella and is bizarre shaped

Dinozoa

This Algae Phylum causes the red tide

Dinozoa

This Algae Phylum Euglenida aka

euglenoids

This Algae Phylum motile with two flagella

euglenoids

This Algae Phylum cell walls are made of protein

euglenoids

this protozoa phylum amoebas aka

Rhizopoda

this protozoa phylum uses locomotion using pseudopods

Rhizopoda

this protozoa phylum members are phagocytic

Rhizopoda

this protozoa phylum has intracellular digestion

Rhizopoda

this protozoa phylum organism Amoeba proteus belongs to

Rhizopoda

this protozoa phylum foraminifera aka

forams

this protozoa phylum has marine organism

Foraminifera

this protozoa phylum shelled amoebas made of Caco3

Foraminifera

this protozoa phylum pseudopods extend from test

Foraminifera

this protozoa phylum aka azoomastigates

Kinetoplastea

this protozoa phylum has flagellated protozoans

Kinetoplastea

this protozoa phylum is parasitic

Kinetoplastea

most notorius for African Sleeping Sickness

Kinetoplastea

this protozoa phylum ciliates aka

Ciliophora

Paramecium is a representative organism of

Ciliophora

Trypanosoma Brucei is a rep organism for

Kinetoplastea

this protozoa phylum the sporozoans aka

Apicomplexous

this protozoa phylum is a nonmolile protozoan

Apicomplexous

Plasmodium vivax and anophelex mosquito belong to

Apicomplexous

Slime Molds are

fungus like protists

a fungus like protists all have

ameboid characteristics

a physarum is an example of

a slime mold

A spore making body

sporanginm

dead organisms

saprobes

fungi have cell walls made of

chitin

fungi is either

unicellular (yeast) or multicellular (mold)

fungi reproduce by producing

spores

a spore is a

dormant

multicellular fungi are composed of tiny threads called

hypae

hyphae are woven together in to a fabric called

mycelium

the cells of hypae are either

seplate or coenocytic

fungi reproduce

sexually and asexually

fungi asexual reproduction is accomplished by

fragmentation (breaking of hypha) or binary fission of a unicelluar fungus (budding)

what is a fungi fruiting body?

generic term meaning any organ that can make an offspring

One type of fruiting body is called a

conidium

fungi are major organisms of

decay

some fungi cause

infections

some fungi are

predatory

the best known of the mutualistic fungi are those of

lichens, half algae, half hypae

Hyphae that grows vertically

conidium

cytoplasm just fused

plasmogamy

dikaryotic

2 nuclide

fusion of the nucleid (fertilization)

karyogamy

3 types of lichens

foliose, crustose, fruiticose

the 4 phyla's of fungi

chytridioimycota, zygomycota, ascomycota, basidiomycota