Bis 104

Communications system connecting two or more computers; the internet is the largest network

Connects (usually by a special cable) a group of desktop PCs and other devices, such as printers, in an office or building

A central computer that holds collections of data and programs for connecting or supplying services to PCs, workstations, and other devices

Computers and other devices connected to a server

Raw facts and figures that are processed into information

Data that has been summarized or otherwise manipulated for use in decision making

Machinery and equipment in a computer system

Programs; electronic instructions that tell the computer how to preform a task

1) Input 2) Processing 3) Storage 4) Output *5) Communications

(CPU) Tiny piece of silicon that contains millions of miniature electronic circuits

(RAM) Holds data before processing and information after processing

ROM

(System board) The main circuit board in the computer

Any component or piece of equipment that expands a computer's input, storage, and output capabilities

Video cards, sound cards, monitors, speakers, printers

Converts the processor's output information into a video signal that can be sent through a cable to the monitor

Enhances the computer's sound-generating capabilities by allowing sound to be output through speakers

Device that sends and receives data over telephone lines to and from computers

Software that enables you to preform specific tasks-solve problems, preform work, or entertain yourself

Software that helps the computer preform essential operating tasks and enables the application software to run

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Unix, Linux

Microsoft word, Angry Birds, Photoshop

AN expression of how much data (text, voice, video) can be sent through a communications channel in a given amount of time

Very high speed connections

Bps (bits per second) Kbps (1,000 bits per/sec) Mbps (1 million bits per/sec) Gbps (1 billion bits per/sec)

(Wireless fidelity) Given to any of several standards (set by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) for wireless transmissio

Set of rules that computers must follow to transmit data

Fix-length blocks of data for transmission

(Internet Protocol) Address that uniquely identifies every computer and device connected to the internet

(Uniform Resource Locator) A string of characters that points to a specific piece of information anywhere on the web

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) The communications rules that allow browsers to connect with web servers

(Hypertext Markup Language) The st of special instructions that are used to specify document structure, formatting, and links to other multi

Type of gateway website that functions as an "anchor site" and offers a broad array of resources and services, online shopping malls, email

(Voice over Internet Protocol) Using the net to make phone calls, either one to one or for audio-conferencing

A program that adds a specific feature to a browser, allowing it to play or view certain files

Small programs (software) that can be quickly downloaded and run by most browsers

Electronic sale or exchange of goods and services directly between companies, cutting out traditional intermediaries

(Business-to-business) Type of commerce where items are sold from business to business, cutting out the middleman

Sending of a forged email that directs recipients to a replica of an existing web page, both of which pretend to belong to a legitimate comp

the forgery of an email sender name so that the message appears to have originated from someone or somewhere other than the actual source

Kind of spyware that tracks web surfing or online buying so that marketers can send you targeted and unsolicited pop-up and other ads

Program that records every keystroke you type and transmits that information to someone else on the internet, making it possible for strange

(Software platform) consists of low-level, master system of programs that manage the basic operations of the computer

Help the computer control peripheral devices

Programs that are used to support, enhance, or expand existing programs in a computer system

Process of loading an OS into a computer's main memory

Named collection of data, or a program that exists in a computer's secondary storage

Specialized software programs that allow input and output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system

The user-controllable display screen that allows you to communicate with the computer

You sign a contract in which you agree not to make copies of the software to give away or resell

Not protected by copyright and thus may be duplicated by anyone at will

Copyrighted software that is distributed free of charge, but users are required to make a monetary contribution, or pay a registration fee,

Copyrighted software that is distributed free of charge

Collection of interrelated files in a computer system

Data is organized into related tables

Two digits (0 and 1)

a) a 1 or 0 b) 8 bits c) 1,000 bytes

MHz

Control Unit & Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

(Arithmetic/logic unit) preforms arithmetic operations and logical operations and controls the speed of those operations

Deciphers each instruction stored in the CPU and then carries out the instruction

High-speed storage areas that temporarily store data during processing

Electrical data roadways through which bits are transmitted within the CPU and between the CPU and other components of the motherboard

(Random Access Memory) Holds software instructions and data before and after it is processed by the CPU (volatile)

(Read-only Memory) Data that cannot be written on or erased by the computer user without special equipment (non-volatile)

Temporarily stores instructions and data that the processor is likely to use frequently. Thus, cache speeds up processing

Free hard-disk space is used to extend the capacity of RAM

Connecting socket or jack on the outside of the system unit into which are plugged different kinds of cables

Allow peripheral devices and expansion cards to be automatically configured while they are being installed

Sockets on the motherboard into which you can plug expansion cards

Devices that permanently hold data and information as well as programs

Removable storage media that are inserted into a flash memory port in a digital camera, handheld PC, Smartphone, or other mobile device

Smallest unit on a screed that can be turned on and off or made different shades

Image sharpness of the display screen; the more pixels there are per square inch, the finer the level of detail

Continuously varying in strength and/or quality--fluctuating, evolving, or continually changing

Any system based on discontinuous data or events; in the case of computers, it refers to communications signals or information represented i

Communications network that covers a wide geographic area, such as a country or the world

(P2P Network) All microcomputers on the network communicate directly with one another without relying on a server

(Virtual Private Network) Private networks that use a public network (usually the internet) to connect remote sites

(LAN Technology) Can be used with almost any kind of computer that describes how data can be sent in packets in between computers and other

Consists of dozens or hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that transmit pulsating beams of light rather than electricity

A program stored on a computer floppy disk, hard drive, or CD that can cause unexpected and often undesirable effects, such as destroying or

A program that copies itself repeatedly into a computer's memory or onto a disk drive

(Denial of Service Attack) Consists of making repeated requests of a computer system or network, thereby overloading it and denying legitima

A system of hardware and/or software that protects a computer or a network from intruders

Scan's a computer's hard disk, CDs, and main memory to detect viruses and, sometimes, to destroy them

Process of altering readable data into unreadable form to prevent unauthorized access

Software written specifically to control the structure of a database and access to the data

Computer-assisted process of sifting through and analyzing vast amounts of data in order to extract hidden patterns and meaning and to disco

Data about data; describes data

Special database of cleaned-up data and metadata

1. You can't get the whole story 2. It's not always accurate 3. It has boundaries 4. Find the right words 5. History is limited

Incomplete, outdated and otherwise inaccurate dataIncomplete, outdated and otherwise inaccurate data

1. Cards, keys, badges, signatures 2. Pins and Passwords 3. Physical traits/bio-metrics

Method of restoring information-processing operations that have been halted by destruction or accident

A collection of related components that interact to preform a task in order to accomplish a goal

1. Preliminary Investigation 2. Systems Analysis 3. Systems Design 4. Systems Development 5. Systems Implementation 6. Systems Maintenance

1. Clarify/define the problem 2. Design a solution 3. Code the program 4. Test the program 5. Document and maintain the program

Formula or set of steps for solving a particular problem

Detect, locate, and remove all errors in a computer program

Written descriptions of what a program is and how to use it

Method in which data and the instructions for processing that data are combined into a self-sufficient object

Lowest-level (Gen 1) programming language; the language of the computer, representing all data in 1s and 0s

Conducting the preliminary analysis; interviewing people, study what competitors are doing, decide what to do with the system, understand wh

The purpose is to gather data, analyze the data, and write a report

The purpose is to do a preliminary design and then a detail design and to write a report

Consists of acquiring and testing hardware and software for the new system. Begins one management has accepted the report containing the des

Consists of converting the hardware, software, and files to the new system and training the users

Consists of keeping the system working by having system audits and periodic evaluations and by making changes based on new conditions