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The French Revolution and Napoleon
1789-1815
69 cards·by manulove
What are four causes of the french revolution?
weak leadership, economic problems, the three estates, and enlightment ideas
What country was Marie Antoniette from?
Austria
How was the french society/classes broken up? Include %.
Clergy .5%, Royal Nobles 1.5%, Everybody else 98%
What was formed after the convocation of the estates-general?
the national assembly
Who was Louis XVI's finance adviser that was later fired because he told Louis to lower the
third estates tax?
Jacque Necker
Where is much of the French inspiration coming from?
The Enlightment
Why is declaring war on Austria good for france and for Louis XVI?
If they win it will solve the poverty an hunger issues. If they lose, Austria and Prussia will
help restore France.
Who was the Brunswick Manefesto proclamation issued by?
It was issued by Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, commander of the Allied Army
What did the Brunswick Manefesto state?
The Brunswick Manifesto threatened that if the French royal family were harmed, then French
civilians would be harmed.
What actions did the Jacobins take because of the paranoia?
They put Louis XVI and Marie Antoniette on trial and then they killed Louis and kept marie in the
jail.
what didn't the jacobins like about the constitution of 1791?
Louis XVI had the right to veto
what were the two royalists uprisings that Napoleon crushed?
Tulan and Tuileries
when did robespierre die?
July 1794
Who spoke out against robespierre at a meeting?
Pierre Joseph Cambon
In 1799, Napoleon was given what title?
1st Consul
When did the french revolution start?
1789
Where did Louis XVI and Marie Antoniette live?
The Palace of Versailles
Why was France poor at the beginning of the revolution?
they sent troops to help the Americans in the American Revolution, they fought in the seven
years war
Why were the French people starving?
france wasnt producing enough grain
Why was the third estate mad?
they had to pay taxes even though they were starving
What did the french people that were poor and starving do?
they called the convocation of the estates-general
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
a proclamation that the national assembly made that said that they would not stop until they
create a Constitution of France
What was happening while the tennis court oath was in progress?
troops were converging on paris to try to break the national assembly
What did the people of Fance do when they thought that the king Louis XVI was gonna try to supress
them again?
they stormed the bastille, took weapons and 7 prisoners, and they killed the governer of the
bastille and killed mayor of Paris
When was the storming of the bastille (bastille day)?
July 14,1789
When was the Tennis Court Oath?
June 1789
When was the convocation of the estates-general made?
May 1789
When did the national assembly declare their own Declaration of Independence?
August 1789
When was the rumor that Marie Antoinette was hoarding grain in versailles said, and what did it
lead to?
October 1789, it led to the peasant womans march
what was the peasant women's march, was it successful?
peasant women marched to versailles and demanded that Louis XVI and Marie Antoniette move
back to Paris, it was successful.
what happens to Louis XVI and Marie antoniette in 1790?
they are in house arrest in the Tuileries
What happens after Louis XVI and the queen are on house arrest?
the nobility start leaving france (the emigre)
what do the queen and Louis XVI do in 1791 after the noblility start leaving france?
they try to escape to the frontier of France dressed ad servents to hide but they were spotted in
varrenes, held captive, borught to Paris
What do the Jacobins say to the national assembly?
they say that they should have a republic instead of a monarchy and they say that Louis running
away is a sign of him abdicating the throne
What do the jacobins do after talking to the national assembly in July 1791?
they go to the Champ de Mars have people sign a paper saying that they dont want a monarchy and
that they want to create their own republic
What do the national assembly do because of the Champ de Mars?
they send their troops there and the troops killed 50 people this is later called the Champ de
Mars Massacre
Who was Leopold II?
the Holy Roman Emperor of Austria, and Marie Antoinettes brother
Who was Frederick William II?
the ruler of Prussia
What is the declaration of pillnitz and who issued it (August 1791)?
it said that they intend to bring the french monarchy back to power. Issued by Louis XVI, Marie
Antoinette, Leopold II, Frederick William II
When does the national assembly make the Constitution of _(year)_, and what does it do?
In 1791 and it establishes france as a constitutional monarchy
when does France declare war against Austria?
April 1792
when is the storming of the tuileries and imprisonment of Louis XVI and the queen for the second
time?
August 1792
What happens after the storming of the Tuileries?
the national assembly declares France a republic
When was the stalemate of Valme?
september 1792
In September 1792 what did the national assembly choose to do?
they intend to make a new constitution
When was Louis XVI executed?
January 1793
What does the national assembly do in February 1793 after Louis XVI is executed?
the national assembly declares war on Britain and the dutch republic
What was the Levve en masse and when was it created?
it was the first version of the draft which said that every unmarried man in France had to be in
the army, it was created in February 1793
When is the comittee of Public safety created and what is it?
in april 1793. It was the defacto (default) government that was controlled by Maximilien
Robespierre, killed people that were standing out
What is the Reign of Terror?
a period in which 16,000 people were guillotined,
what was the Thermadorin Reaction and when did it happen?
a bad reaction against robespierre. In july 1794.
when and how did robespierre die?
He died in July 1794 and he was guillotined
when was marie antoinette executed?
October 1793
Who shows up in July 1793 in tolon?
Napoleon Bonaparte
When did the reign of terror start and when did it end?
started in April 1793 and ended in july 1794
what two country's peace does France get in April of 1795?
Spain and Prussia
when is the new constitution approved and what does it do?
In August 1795 and it makes France officially a Republic
what people governed France's republic?
the directory which is made up of 5 directors. The legislature has two houses, the council of
500 and the council of elders (250 rep.).
When was the royalist uprisings in paris?
October 1795
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?
a military captain, observed the seige of the tuileries, and he saves the revolutionary
government, allowed the directory to come to power
What is 13 Vendemiarie and what was napoleon able to do?
the month of october in the new french revolutionary calender, October 5 1795 Napolean is able
to defend the revolutionary government
What is napoleon made in 1795?
he is made comander in chief of the italian forces.
When does the italian campaign occur?
1796
Who makes peace with France in october of 1797 (Treaty of Campo Formio)?
Austria
Who does napoleon start war with in 1798 and takes malta along the way, and why?
Egypt, he wanted to undermine the british in india by making some muslim allies in egypt
What was the Battle of the Nile?
a battle against Napoleon (france) and Horatio Nelson (g.b.) when Napoleon was fighting
egypt
When did Napoleon leave the Battle of Nile?
Napoleon left without taking his troops in 1799 and goes back to France
What does Napoleon do when the directory is getting unpopular?
he tells the directory to tell the legislatures to go west of paris and sy that napoleon will
take care of him,the 500 legislatures dissolve
What happens after the legislatures dissolve?
Napoleon and two directors take power in the 3 consuls of france and then napoleon eventually
is called the first consul