MATTER

NATURAL SCIENCE

35 cards·by jenjen3

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Everything around us is made up of this.

Matter

True or False: Matter can be created or destroyed

False

What changes a substance into a new one with different properties?

Chemical reactions

What can substances be divided into?

Pure substances or mixtures

What are the two types of mixtures?

Heterogeneous and Homogenous mixtures

What can we see in a heterogeneous mixture?

The substances that make it up

True or False: You can separate the substances easily in a homogeneous mixture

False

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A mixture where you can't see the individual substances

In how many ways can mixtures be separated?

Five

What are the five methods for separating mixtures?

Magnetic separation, decantation, filtration, evaporation, distillation

When do we use magnetic separation?

When we want to separate a mixture with a substance that is attracted by magnets

In magnetic separation you must have what two type of substances?

One attracted to magnets and one that is not

What is heavy and in liquids it sinks to the bottom of a container?

Sediments

To decant a liquid you have to do this

Pour off the liquid, so sediments remain in the container

What is an example of decantation?

Sand in a bucket of water/ oil and water

Why do we use filtration for separating mixtures?

Because it separates much smaller particles from a liquid or gas

What is used to catch the particles, and allows the liquid to pass?

Filter

What is an example of filtration?

Separating coffee grounds

How can a mixture be separated by evaporation?

By using heat, liquid turns into vapor and solids can be collected

What is the process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors?

Distillation

What are examples that cause chemical changes?

Heat, and oxygen

Combustion also means...

Burning

What is a chemical reaction that produces energy in the form of heat and light?

Combustion

When can combustion occur?

When oxygen from the atmosphere reacts with a fuel

What are some examples of fuels?

Wood, gas, oil

What is the new substance that is created from burning fuels?

Smoke or ash

During petrol combustion what is fuel converted into?

Kinetic energy and exhaust gases

What is the brown color in iron called?

Rust

Why does oxidation occur?

Because some metals have properties that make them react when exposed to air

When can apples and potatoes oxidise?

When they are peeled or cut

What do we use fermentation for?

To make cheese, bread, and wine

How can food last longer?

By fermenting it first

What is a chemical reaction where fungi or bacteria change organic substances into other substances?

Fermentation

What does fungi produce during fermentation?

Alcohol

What does bacteria produce during fermentation?

Lactic acid