Religion 101

Old Testament/ Hebrew Bible

58 cards·by tiffani012

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what is the bible?

Derived from the greek word Biblia: meaning book(s), a collection of books

Writings

Scripture

What is being assumed of the bible?

It is divine, The inspired word of God

miqra

that which is read out loud

Tanakh(T.N.K)

Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim

Torah

Pentateuch (5 books of Moses)

Nevi'im

prophets and history

Keuvim

Writings, poetry

organization of Hebrew Bible

Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim

organization of Cristian Bible

Pentateuch (5 books of Moses), historical, wisdom, prophetic

Septuagint

70, Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, most Bibles are translated from this instead ofHebrew, 3rd C BCE

Spinoza *Date

17th C Amsterdam, thrown out of Jewish community for suggesting that the Bible be read as anyother book

Wellhausen *Date

19th C German-Protestant pastor, developed documentary hypothesis

Documentary Hypothesis

A scholarly theory stating contradictions in the text that can be discrened

Jawist *Date

Reference to preffered name of God, Yahweh, 950BCE, associated with Judah

Elohist *date

God, 850BCE, Associated with Israel

Deuteronomic *date

Religious reform, associated wth King Josiah, 650-530BCE

Priestly *date

Babylonian Excile, 590-530BCE

Two main shifts that disturbed the consenses

A large # of cuneiform tablets unearthed and published, tablets later found to be misinterpreted

Two main problems with using the Bible as an accurate historical source

It's Fundamentally a theological document, its unusually complex transmission

urtext

what scholars cal the original text of the Bible

Merneptah Stele *date

First mention of the Israelites as a people, 1207BCE

Two types of historical periodation

interna framework based on Israel's own political changes, external framework based on the regional powers into whose orbit (I) was absorbed

Two competing empires of Mesopotamia

Babylon, Assyria

Callah Kings *Date

Shalmeneser 3, 858-824BCE

Sargonides *date

A reign of the kings, 744-612, began by tiglath-pileser 3

Samaria destroyed *date

722-720

Assyrians defeated by Babylonians

612BCE

1st Exile to Babylon *date

597BCE

Destruction of 1st temple, 2nd exile *date

586BCE

Babylonian empire falls to Persia

539BCE

Judeans allowed to return to Jerusalem *date

538BCE

Yehud

Satrapy the presians est. in Judea

Satrapy

Persian admin. unit

Conquest of Israel by Alexanderthe Great *date

332BCE

Antiochus 4th *date

ruled against Judean practice, turned a temple into a temple for Zeus, 175-164BCE

Maccabean revolt *date

Reversed decrees of Antiochus 4, 164BCE

Roman Conquest of Israel *date

63BCE

Periods of External influences on Israel *date

Preassyrian, assyrian(19th-612),babylonian(612-539),persian(539-332), greek(332-63)

Periods of internal influences on Israel *date

Premonarchic,united monarchy(1020-928), dividedmonarchy(922-722),Excilic(597-538), post excilic(538-...)

2 synchronyms that frame beginning and end of bronze age *date

Merneptah Stele(late 13th C)- campaign of Pharaoh Shishak(925BCE)

Iron Age *date

1200BCE

places where philistines formed a pentaposis

Gaza, ashkelon, asdad, Gath, and Ekron

Most important synchronism between biblical and extrabiblical source for this period *date

Campaign of Pharaoh Shishak, 925BCE

Appearance of Isreal in Syria-Palestine *date

1250 BCE

Literary Conventions

ANE Lit.,genres, Comparativ writings

ANE

Ancient Near Eastern

Literary Genres

Poetry, Prose, narratives, legal material, lists

Transmission

Oral,Textual

Qumran

Dead sea scrolls

ideology

facts recorded from a certain perspective

Theology

Conveyed conception of God

Earliest to latest mention of Israelites *date

12th C-2nd C BCE

Why did the "superpowers" fight over Canaan?

Goegrahical location

Religions of the Bible

Israelite/Judean, Biblical

Israelite/Judean religion

actuall practiced by I ,10th-7th C, monolatary, prophets,oracles as medium God-people,worship @ multiple high places

Biblical religion

ideal cult, practiced later, 7th-5th C, monotheism, text as medium God-people, worshiped in Temple

Major trends in biblical religion

deuteronomic & historical, Transcendent God, legal treaty