Islam

chapter 10

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Mecca

a city in western Arabia

Muhammad

The prophet and messenger of Allah

Islam

submission to the will of Allah, religion

Muslim

one who has submitted (followers of the religion)

Hijrah

the migration from Mecca to Yathrib

mosque

an Islamic house of warship

hajj

pilgrimage to Mecca

Qur'an

the holy book of the Muslims

Sunna

Muhammad's example

shari'a

body of law assembled from the Qur'an and sunna

Caliph

title meaning successor or deputy

Umayyads

a family that came to power

shi'a

caliph must be a descendant of the prophet

sunni

those who did not outwardly oppose the rule of the Umayyads

Sufi

those who rejected the luxuriousness of the Umayyad lifestyle

abbasids

the most powerful of the rebel groups

al-Andalus

the location of an extraordinary Muslim state

Fatimid

those who claimed decent from Muhammad's daughter Fatima