The Nervous System

what are the 3 main parts of a neuron

what makes an axon myelinated?

what are the gaps between schwann cells called?

what is found at the end of an axon?

what is found at the end of a dendrite?

what are the two divisions of the nervous system?

what neuron has a long myelinated dendrite

what neuron is part of the PNS

what neuron has a short axon that joins with an neuron of the CNS?

what neuron is medusa like and has multiple dendrites going directly into the cell body?

what neurons have depending axon lengths?

what neurons are completely within the CNS

what neuron ends attached to an effector

what neuron has a long axon that controls an effector

what is it called when a shock is created when neurons move ions either in/out of a neural fiber creating a brief change in charge?

what are the 3 phases of a nerve impulse

what phase is the following: Na+ gates to open up and Na+ diffuses into the neuron until the charge reaches +35mV causing the gates to close

what phase is the following: K+ gates open and K+ diffuses out of the neuron until the charge returns to -70mV

what phase is the following: The Na+/K+ pump uses active transport and ATP to force all of the Na+ out and the K+ in

at rest what is inside the neural fibre?

at rest what is outside the neural fibre?

how a nerve impulse travels down a nerve fibre

what is found inside an axon bulb

what is found inside a synaptic vessicle

what is the membrane on the axon bulb?

what is the membrane on the dendrite ending?

what is the gap between the axon bulb and dendrite ending called?

what is found on the dendrite ending

what is found on the axon bulb?

what is reabsorbed by pinocytosis on the presynaptic membrane or destroyed by enzymes

what are a bundle of axons and dendrites going to/from specific areas of the body called?

what must be myelinated to prevent short circuiting?

what nerve contains only sensory neurons

what nerve contains only motor neurons

what nerve has both sensory and motor neurons

what are the 2 types of nerves

what type of nerve directly branches off of/on to the brain

what type of nerve controls your head, neck and facial regions?

what cranial nerve controls your internal organs unconsciously

what type of nerve branches off/on the spinal cord

what type of nerve consist of all mixed nerves?

how many pairs are there of cranial nerves

how many pairs are there of spinal nerves

what nerve consists of all 3 types of nerves

what type of nerve brings sensory info to your spinal cord and take motor info away

what are the 2 roots that allow some separation of motor and sensory axons

what root has ganglion full of sensory cell bodies and allows sensory axons to enter the spinal cord

what root has motor neuron cell bodies inside the spinal cord

what are the 2 divisions of the PNS

what division of the PNS controls parts of the body with conscious thought

what division of the PNS controls internal organs without conscious thought

what is a combination of both autonomic and somatic nervous systems working called?

what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system

what divisions of the autonomic NS has a shorter 1st motor neuron?

what division of the autonomic NS has a longer 1st motor neuron

what division of the autonomic NS has a "fight or flight" response

what division of the autonomic NS has a "rest and digest" response

what division of the autonomic NS uses both Ach and NE

what division of the autonomic NS only uses Ach

what division of the autonomic NS has all impulses coming from the middle of the spinal cord

what division of the autonomic NS has most impulses coming from the vagus, cranial and sacral nerves

what bones protect the spinal cord and brain

what 3 membranes protect the brain and spinal cord?

what protects the brain and spinal cord from short circuiting

what is produced and stored in the ventricles of the brain and travels to the spinal cord though the central canal

what are the 2 main areas of the spinal cord

what matter is found in the middle of the spinal cord

what matter forms an H shape in the spinal cord

what matter is made up of cell bodies and non-myelinated dendrites and both inter and motor neurons

what matter is made up of long myelinated axons of interneurons going to/from the brain

what matter do schwann cells provide pigment?

what are cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system called

what neuron recieves stimuli from the environment

what neuron is attached to muscles which allow us to respond to stimuli

what neuron make up the CNS including the brain and spinal cord

what part of a neuron recieves signals from other neurons and sends them towards the cell

what part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or effectors

what part of a neuron contains the nucleus and other organelles

what develops when schwann cells wrap themselves around an axon, laying down many layers of plasma membrane

what allows for ions to diffuse in and out of the neuron, spreading the eletrical signal down the axon and jumps from node to node

through what do neurons communicate with one another

what is the result of ions moving in and out of the cell

what occurs when the membrane depolarizes to a certain threshold

what does the previous section undergo as soon as an action potential moves on

what is the junction between an axon bulb and dendrite ending called

In a _____ impulse passes by in diffusion of a neurotransmitter

what is the largest portion of our brains

what is the last centre to recieve sensory input and carries out integration before commanding voluntary motor responses

what communicates with and coordinates the activities of the other parts of the brain

what divides the 2 cerebral hemispheres

what allow the 2 side of the brain to communicate with each other

what lobe is responsible for the motor area

what lobe is responsible for auditory and speech

what lobe is responsible for visions

what lobe is responsible for the sensory area

which lobe are memories and emotions generated here

what lobe is responsible for sensory association

what lobe is responsible for vision association

without ___ we would have difficulty in depth perception, identifying sound production and athletic movements

what is the significance of the tracts in the white matter crossing over before they enter andexit the brain

what is a thin, highly convoluted outer layer of grey matter that covers the cerebral hemispheres

what is a convolution called

why is the brain highly convoluted

what is responsible for sensation, voluntary movement and the thought process we associate with consciousness

what area is responsible for voluntary commands to skeletal muscles creating movement

what area is responsible for recieving information from body areas generating sensory information

what area is responsible for storing memories and associating them with our senses

what area is responsible for allowing us to think critically and formulate appropriate behavior

what within the cerebrum allows info between the different sensory, motor and sensory areas.

what contains the pituitary gland

what region is a floor of the 3rd ventricle

what is responsible for things like thirst, sleep, hunger and other homeostatic responses

what controls where sensory impulses are sent and blocks unnecessary incoming stimuli

what is donut shaped in the brain

what recieves motor impulses from the brain and sequences the impulses for coordination in movement

what recieves info from our middle ear about body position so that adjustments to motor sequences can be made

what part of the brain/ brain stem is used for many unconscious functions

what is found on the brain stem

what is responsible for breathing rate and heart rate, blood pressure and other homeostatic responses

what is a reflex center for things like coughing, sneezing, hiccuping, vomiting and swallowing

what are the 2 hemispheres of the conscious brain