research methods 2

a location or site arrange to mimic the natural setting where a behavior normally occurs

to record or observe behavior in a way that does not interfere with or change a participants behavior in a research setting

dividing an observational period into equal intervals of time, then recording whether or not certain behaviors occur in each interval

counting the # of times a behavior occurs during a fixed or predetermined period of time

recording the amount of time or duration that participants engage in a certain behavior during a fixed period of time

recording the time or duration between the occurences of behaviors during a fixed period of time

splitting a fixed period of time into smaller intervals of time then making observations during alternating intervals until period has ended

splitting a fixed period of time into smaller intervals of time, then recording a different behavior in each time interval

splitting a fixed period of time into smaller intervals of time, then recording the bx's of a different participant in each time interval

the qualititative analysis of the conscious experiences of phenomena from the first person p.o.v of the participant

the qualitative analysis of the bx and identity of a group or culture as it is described and charact. by the members of that culture

researchers participate in or join the group or culture that they are observing

qualitative analysis of an individual or group used to illustrate a phenomenon, explore new hypotheses, or compare the observ of many cases

investigates rare or unkown phenomena

used to explore or generate hypotheses for later investigation

compares observations of many cases

structured similar to experiment but either includes a quasi IV or lacks control group

a preexisting variable that is often a characteristic inherent to an individual

matched upon certain preexisting charact. similar to those observed in a trtm. group, participants are not randomly assigned

any differences that are not controlled by a researcher b/w individuals who are selected from preexisting groups

a DV is measured following a trtm. in one group and also in a nonequivalent control group that does not receive the treatment

a DV is measured in one group of participants before and after a treatment

includes a nonequivalent control group that is observed during the same period of time as a trtm group, doesnt receive trtm.

a participant serves as their own control and the DV measured is analyzed for each indiv. participant, not avg. across groups or across part

a series of trials or observations made in one condition

a phase in which a trtm. or manipulation is absent

a treatment is successively administered over time to diff. participants, for diff. behaviors, or in diff settings

different participants are observed one time in each group or at each level of a factor

the identification of an IV and the creation of two or more groups that constitute the levels of that variable

the manipulation of a stimulus that can be naturally changed with little effort

the manipulation of an IV that requires the participant to be set up to experience some stimulus or event

categorize participants based on scores on that measure, and then use random assignment

limit which participants are included in a sample based on characteristics they exhibity that may otherwise differ between groups in a study

participants are observed only once, allows for the use of random assignment

requires a large sample size with many groups

the same participants are observed one time in each group

participants receive different treatment or participate in diff groups causes changes in a DV

partipation in one group carries over or causes changes in performance in a second group

the order in which participants receive diff treatments or participate in diff groups is balances or offset in an experiment