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Light, Sound, Solar System
Earth and Environmental Science
27 cards·by cricketsoccer2
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
a scale of electromagnetic energy waves (light) and is organized by wavelength and
frequency.
Types of longer wavelengths and shorter wavelengths
order is(from long to short) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light,
ultraviolet, xray, gamma rays
Visible light
roygbiv-the electromagnetic waves of light that our eyes percive as colors
relationship between wavelength and frequency
longer wavelength=lower frequency. shorter wavelength=higher frequency
The Doppler Effect (sound and light)
the apparent change in a frequency of a wave caused by relative motion between the source and
the observer
The spectrum of elements and why are they all unique.
the apparent change in a frequency of a wave caused by relative motion between the source and
the observer.
Using the Doppler Effect to explain red shift and blue shift
Red shift is when the light emitting object is moving away from the observer, and seems redder
because the lower frequency waves are redder.
Nebular Theory as it pertains to our solar system
the solar system was created in a nebula (a large cloud of gas and dust from a star that has gone
supernova) the nebular cloud collapses bec
How did the Sun form from our nebula cloud
The central bulge is 99% of the nebular material is collapsing and colliding, causing bodies
to grow. As the material collides, the protosun
How did the planets form in the nebula cloud?
Outside the central bulge material is colliding and growing as it orbits around the central
bulge. Eventually protoplanets form. As more mat
Why are the inner planets rocky and small and the 4 outer planets gas giants?
The solar wind (charged particles) created by nuclear fusion in the sun created the heat to
blow the gasses from the inner solar system out
How and where did the Earth Form in the nebula cloud?
Earth formed in the flattened disc area outside the central bulge from material that collided
to form planetessimals and then these larger b
What caused the earth to grow and develop?
The earth grew from the planetessimals that collided until the 4 inner planets were formed.
Why did it differentiate? What does that mean? What happened?
As earth heated up and became molten differentiation occurred, the material inside Earth
started moving around by density. The heavier mater
What is the most widely accepted theory behind the moon creation?
The most widely accepted theory is the Big Collision, where an object the size of Mars hit Earth
on the side, not head on, and the impact fl
What are the physical characteristics of the Moon’s surface. What type of rock?
The moon is made of oxygen, silicon, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and iron. The surface is
dry, dusty, and covered with highlands and mares
How did that event affect the Earth?
The Big Collision created Earth’s tilted axis, and created the seasons.
What are the 4 distinct layers of the earth like today? Physical and chemical makeup?
The layers of the earth are it rocky crust (oceanic basalt and continental granite) the thick
mantle (the hard lithosphere, the plastic asth
Know what the lithosphere and asthenosphere are like
The lithosphere is hard, right underneath the crust, and the asthenosphere is plastic, which
means it moves slowly.
What is the magnetosphere? How does it protect the earth?
The magnetosphere is the magnetic field created by the North and south poles. The
magnetosphere protects the planet from the solar wind and
The names and order of the planets in our solar system. And general knowledge of how the planets
are spaced.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars (inner rocky planets) (closer together but constantly getting
farther apart) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, P
What types of crust are on Earth? What are the layers of the mantle? What is the difference
between the outer and inner core? Why?
The two types of crust are oceanic made of basalt and continental made of granite. The layers of
the mantle are the solid lithosphere, the p
How the Atmosphere formed and has changed over time
The atmosphere formed as lighter gases rose out of the crust to form the early atmosphere
(hydrogen and helium), and as earth cooled, other
How the Oceans formed
Oceans formed as the Earth cooled. H2O vapor condenses and then rain falls and collects on the
surface of the Earth. Co2 from the atmosphere
How does the Moon cause 2 high and low tides each day?
The moon creates tides using it’s gravitational pull. The moon pulls the water near it and the
Earth a little bit more towards itself, and b
Why do we only see 1 side of the moon?
We see only one side of the moon because it’s rotation on it’s axis takes the same amount of time
to go around earth.
What cause us to see the moon change phases in it’s monthly cycle?
We see the moon phases because of our perspective of the moon from earth. It is always half lit by
the sun, by we only see one side of the m