AP Biology - Molecular Basis of Inheritance

A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage

An infectious particle incapable of replicating outside of a cell, consisting of an RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protein coat (capsid)

Referring to the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbone in a DNA double helix (they run in opposite 5' > 3' directions).

the two strands of the parental molecule separate, and each functions as a template for synthesis of a new complementary strand.

The two parental strands reassociate after acting as template strands thus restoring the parental double helix

Each strand of both daughter molecules contains a mixture of old and newly synthesized DNA

short stretches of DNA that have a specific sequence of nucleotides

A Y-shaped region where the parental strands of DNA are being unwound.

enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands

enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands

bind to the unpaired DNA strands, keeping them from re-paring

relives the tight twisting of the strain ahead of the replication fork by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands

The initial nucleotide chain that is produced during DNA synthesis, actually a short stretch of RNA

synthesizes the primer

catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA by adding nucleotides at the 3' end of a preexisting chain.

The new complementary DNA strand synthesized continuously along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5'>3' way

a discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates by mean of Okazaki fragments, each syntheiszed in t a 5'-3' direction away from the

fragments of nucleotides which are put together on the lagging strand

enzyme which attaches all of the Okazaki fragments into a continuous DNA strand

an enzyme which cuts out portions of DNA strands with replication errors

a short nucleotide sequence of repetitions, which pospone the erosion of the ends of genes

dense region of DNA found in bacterium

complex of DNA and proteins

interphase chromatin visible as irregular clumps with a light microscope