Anatomy/ Lecture Exam 4

54 cards·by danimrozek

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Vasa recta capillaries (around what, project into what structure)

around nephron loop, project into the medulla in the loop of Henle

characteristics of the lymph vessels

larger than capillaries, have 3 tunics, have valves preventing backflow

muscularis muscle layer of the GI tract has what 2 layers, what do they control

inner circular (constrict lumen) outer longitudinal (shortening of tube)

serosal layer of LI (what tissue, covered by what peritoneum and what kind of secretions)

areolar connective tissue, covered by visceral peritoneum, serous secretions

superior mesenteric vein drains

small intestine, part of large, intestinal veins, pancreaticoduodenal veins, ileocolic veins, R/M colic veins

spenic vein drains

spleen, pancreatic veins, gastric veins, R gastroepiploic vein

inferior mesenteric vein drains

part of large intestine, superior rectal vein sigmoid vein, L colic vein

hepatic portal vein gets blood from

superior/inferior mesenteric veins

inner medulla of ovaries have these vessels and this kind of tissue

blood/lymphatic vessels, nerves, areolar connective tissue

primordial follicles creating during what time period can contain what

during fetal development, 1.5-2 million, 23 pairs xsomes, contain primary oocyte

secondary follicles develop from what, have what kind of oocyte and these kinds of cells

develop from primary follicle, have primary oocyte with layers of follicular cells and antrum

secondary oocyte has what zones, doesn't complete this process unless this occurs

corona radiate, zona radiate, zona pellucida--> antrum is expelled from vesicular follicle, does not complete meiosis unless fertilized

corpus lutem

remnant of secondary follicle, turns yellow and secretes estrogen and progesterone (these hormones stimulate the uterus for implantation

renal fascia of kidney what tissue and anchors it to where

DICT, anchors kidney to abdominal wall and peritoneum

structures in nephron

renal corpuscle (glomerulus, glomerular capsule) renal tubule (PCT, DCT, nephron loop)

function PCT

reabsorb nutrients/water that was not filtered by glomerulus

collecting duct epithelium and funtion

columnar epithelium,adjust composition and volume of urine, transport tubular fluid to renal pelvis

DCT function

secrete K H into tubular fluid and reabsorb Na Ca and H2O out of tubular fluid

3 layers of the ureters

mucosa, muscularis, adventitia

biliary apparatus

network of tubules that transport bile/pancreatic juice into the duodenum

celiac trunk supplies

stomach, liver, spleen, part of duodemum

sup mesenteric artery supplies

small intestine, pancreas, part of large intestine

inf mesenteric artery supplies

part of transverse colon, part of descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

3 layers of stomach

submucosa, muscular mucosa, serosal layer

location of splenic sinusoids

red pulp, large capillaries in which elements can move freely

functions of spleen

initiate immune response, reservoir for erythrocytes/platelets, kills defective erythrocytes/platelets, kills bacteria/foriegn material

functions of lymphatic system

fluid/nutrient transport, lymphocyte development, immune response

charateristics of lymph nodes, tissue that contains what, have what center that contains what

connective tissue contains lymphatic cells and NO capsule, pale germinal center that has Bcells and macrophages

MALT

mucosa associated lymphatic tissue, large collection of nodules

major lymphatic trunks

jugular subclavian bronchmediastinal lumbar intestinal

subclavian trunk drains

upper limb, breast, superficial thoracic wall

function of hepatocytes

detoxify drugs, metabolites, poisons

functions of b cells

contain antigen receptors that cause the production of immunoglobulins or antibodies

functions of t cells

regulate immune response, attack foreign cells, patrol body to provide faster response, can turn off immune reponse

submucosal layer of GI tract (epithelium/structures)

DICT, lymphatic tissue, mucin secreting glands, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, submucosal nerve plexus

t-lymphocyte classifications

helper, cytotoxic, memory, suppressor

internal spermatic fascia formed from

deep fascia of abdominal muscles

sublingual gland

3-5, serous and mucin secretions

mucosa of GI, 3 layers

superficial epithelium, areolar connective tissue, muscularis mucosae

parotid gland

25-30, serous secretions, where mumps occur

inner parts of lymph nodes

outer cortex (lymphatic nodules, lymphatic sinuses) inner medulla (medullary cords/sinuses)

characteristics of thymus

prominent in children, function as site for t lymphocyte maturation and differentiation

function of urinary system

urine storage, excretion, blood volume regulation, erythrocyte production/regulation

submucosa of the urinary tissue

DICT

membranous urethra (surrounded by what, forms what, epithelium)

striated muscle, forms urethral sphincter, stratified columnar epithelium, shortest and least expandable urethra

flow of filtrate/urine

glomerulus- cap space- PCT- nephron loop- DCT- collecting duct- minor calyx- major calyx- renal pelvis- bladder- urethra

the interlobar arteries are branching of what (travel thru what to get to where)

branching of segmental arteries, travel thru renal columns toward corticomedullary junction

endometrium composed of this, has two layesr

columnar epithelium, blood vessels, lamina propria- basal and functional layers

adventitia of vagina has inner layer of this and outer layer of this

inner elastic fibers, outer layer of connective tissue

stomach gets blood supply from

celiac trunk- gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

tubular movement thru nephron

renal corpuslce- PCT- loop- DCT- connecting tuble- papillary duct- minor calyx

characteristics of the spleen

largest lymphatic duct- DICT- rich blood reservoir- severe trauma can cause hemorrahaging

serosal layer of the stomach what? (what tissue, sublayer)

areolar connective tissue, serious/visceral peritoneum

how is production of pancreatic juice controlled by para/sympathetic processes?

para- stimulates, symp- inhibits