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American History
Second Great awakening
In the early 1800s, religious leaders organized to revive Americans
Temperance movement
Social movement against consumption of alcoholic beverages
Seneca Falls Convention
First women's rights convention
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
An American suffragist, social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of early women's
rights movement
Abolitionist Movement
Movement to end slavery
Frederick Douglass
Social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesmen
Manifest Destiny
The opportunity to farm fertile soil, enter fur trade, or trade with foreign nations across
the pacific
Texas war of Independence
Began when colonists in the Mexican province of Texas rebelled against Mexican government
James Polk
A Democratic nominee of Tennessee, promised not only to annex Texas but also the contested
Oregon Territory in the Northeast.
Whig party
Political party, active in the middle of the 19th century
Mexican-American war
Initiated by the U.S. resulting in Mexico's defeat.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexico gave the U.S more than 500,000 square miles of territory
Wilmot Proviso
Bill that proposed to ban slavery in territories won from Mexico
Popular sovereignty
Citizens of each new territory should be allowed to decide for themselves if they want to
permit slavery.
Compromise of 1850
Package of five separate bills passed by the U.S defusing a four-year political
confrontation between slave and free states.
Fugitive Slave Act
A slave holder or slave catcher had only to point out alleged runaways to have them taken into
custody
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Anti-Slavery novel
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Douglas repealed the antislavery provision of the Missouri compromise and to divide the
region into two territories
Bleeding Kansas
The scene of a territorial civil war
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Court case that ruled slaves as property
John Brown
A fervent abolitionist who opposed slavery not with words but with violence
Abraham Lincoln
Believed slavery was morally wrong, he opposed its spread into the western territories
Fort Sumter
One of the few federal military bases that southerners had not already seized
First Bull Run
First major land battle of the armies in Virginia, Confederates won.
Fort Donelson
The union won
Shiloh
Union won
Antietam
The result of the battle was inconclusive.
Emancipation Proclamation
Declared all person held as slaves within rebellious states are free
Vicksburg
Union won
Gettysburg
Confederates won
Appomattox
Union won
14th amendment
Banning slavery in the U.S
15th amendment
Granted citizenship to all person born or nationalized in the U.S
16th Amendment
The right to vote, no matter your race, color, or previous condition of servitude
Causes of the Second Great Awakening
Temperance, abolition and women's rights
Religions in the Great Awakening
Methodists, Baptists, and Arminians
Goals of social reformers
Persuading people not to drink, pushing to halt liquor sales, making news penitentiaries,
and creating elementary schools
Three leaders of the abolitionist movement
William Lloyd Garrison, Lucretia Mott, and Frederick Douglass
Three features of the Compromise of 1850
Fugitive slave act, California to be admitted to the U.S.
Four presidential candidates in the 1860 election
Abraham Lincoln, John C. Breckenridge, John Bell, Stephen A. Douglas
The winner of the 1860 election
Abraham Lincoln
Advantages of the Union in the civil war
Had almost four times as may citizens, had many people to grow food and to work in factories, had
more than 70% of the nation's rail lines.
Three confederate advantages
Defending their homeland gave them a strong reason to fight, had skills that made them good
soldiers, Many of the officers were from south
three battles of the civil war
Fort Sumter, Shiloh, Antietam
War goals of the Union
To preserve a way of life