chapter 2

38 cards·by authentic_yauni

expressed their belief that all matter consist of very small, indivisbly particles, which he named atomos, meaning uncuttable or indivisible

democritis

states that different samples of the same compound always contain its constituent elements

law of definite proportions

different compounds made up of the same element are in ratios of small whole numbers

law of multiple proportions

the basic unit of an element that enter into chemical combination

atom

contains carbon, usually in combination with elements such as hydrogen

Organic compound

ionic compound, molecular compound, acids and bases, and hydrates

in organic compound

compound formed from two elements

binary compound

compounds consisting of three elements

ternary compounds

_____can form more than one type of cation

transition metals

LiOH, KCN are forms of

ternary compound

compound made up of cations and anions

ionic compound

NaCl, KBr are forms of

binary compound

a substance that yields hydogen ions (H+) when disloved in water

acid

are acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen, and another elemnent

oxoacids

a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH-) when disolved in water

base

compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them

hydrates

this compound no longer has water molecules attached to it

anhydrous

what is the simplest type of organic compounds that contain only one carbon and and hydrogen atoms

hydrocarbons

tells us which elements are present in simplest formula

empirical formula

are the true formulas in the molecule

molecular formula

one or more distinct forms of an element

allotrope

express the compostion of molecules and ionic compounds in terms of chemical symobols

chemical formula

an ion with a positive net charge

cation

is an ion with a negative charge

anion

three smaller particles of an atom are

electrons, protons, and neucleus

emission and transmission of energy through space in the form of waves

radiation

dense central core

nuecleus

positively charged particles in the nucleus

protons

negatively charged particles in the nucleus

electrons

neutral particles

neutrons

atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass number

isotopes

good conductor of electricty

metal

poor conductor of electricty

non metal

intermediate between metals and non metals

metalloids

contains only two atoms

diatomic molecule

contains more than two atoms

polyatomic molecules

contains only one atom

monatomic molecule

shows how many atoms are bonded to one another in a molecule

structural formula