Grade 12 Biology - Biodiversity

Grade 12 Biodiversity Flash cards

53 cards·by oliviarosemarie

biodiversitybiology

Fungi

Includes molds, yeasts, and mushrooms. Parasites or decomposers. Multi-cellular, eukaroytic. Do not possess chlorophyll, release enzymes to

Nematoda

Roundworms. Parasites to plants and animals. Two openings. Reproduction works in a circle. Causes elephantiasis

Mollusca - Bivalves

Two shelled (oysters, clams)

Mollusca - Gastropods

Stomach footed (snails)

Mollusca - Cephalopods

Head - footed, octopuses

Elephantisis

Characterized by enlargement of the body. Usually affects limbs. Caused by parasitic disease from nematoda phylum.

Decomposers

Break down dead/decaying organisms, Absorb nutrients doing so. Mostly Fungi.

Saprobe

An organism that lives on decaying organisms

Parasitism

Relationship between species, non mutual. Parasite benefits at hosts expense

Protista - Protozoa

Animal-like, unicellular, heterotrophic. Ex: Ameobas

Protista - Plant-like

Algae

Protista - fungi like

Water mold, mildew

Viruses

Can only replicate self inside host. Not classified as cells

Retrovirus

DNA produces RNA which produces proteins to make more viruses inside host (AIDS)

Lytic Cycle

Use host cells and kills them

Lysogenic cycle

Integrates genetic material into host

Eubacteria

Unicelluar, Prokaryotic. Possesses peptidoglycan in cell walls.

Cyanobacteria

Contain cholorphyll, appear in blooms.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Comnvert nitrogen into organic compounds, found on roots of plants

Spherical symmetry

Rounded, 3D. (Volvox, an algae)

Radial symmetry -

Central lines/axis, (Starfish)

Bilateral symmetry

Fixed right and left sides. Most animals

Dorsal

Upper body/back

Ventral

Lower side/belly

Bryophytes

Moss, liverwort. Depends on diffusion to transfer water/nutrients. Short plants possessing Rhizoids, or little filaments that function as ro

Archebacteria

Ancient/primitive bacteria. Live in hostile enviroments. Unicellular and prokaryotic. Lack peptidoglycan

Methane-producing bacteria

Live in swamps, human intestinal tract

Halophile

bacteria that loves salt

Tracheophytes

Vascular plants. Contain xylem and phloem for transporting water/nutrients. Contains: flowers

Gymnosorms

seed exposed, non-flowering (Pine)

Angiosperm

Hidden seed, flowering

Monocot

1 seed leaf (grass)

Dicot

2 seed leaves (roses)

Prokaryotic

Simple Cells

Eukaryotic

Complex cells

Binomial Nomenclature

Two work system to identify organism; genus and species

Ectothermic

Cold-blooded

Endothermic

Warm-blooded

Arthropoda

Exoskeleton. Go through molting (shed exoskeleton). (Shrimp, crabs)

Echinodermata

Radial symmetry, spines made of calcium carbonate. (Starfish)

Chordata

Possess spinal cord, complex organ system, jointed internal skeleton (Humans, mammals)

Mammalia

Endothermic, have hair, almost all give birth, drink mother's milk. (Humans, cats)

Primates

Larger brains, nails on hands and feet, flexible hands and feet (Apes, Humans)

Aves

Feathered, winged, endothermic, egg-laying (Parrots, Owls)

Reptilia

Ectothermic, egg-laying, (snakes, crocodiles)

Amphibia

4-limbed, Ectothermic (Frogs, salamanders)

Rodentia

Possess upper and lower incisor teeth, gnaw (Mice)

Monera

Used to be bacteria kingdom. Divided as two current groups were too different to classify under same kingdom

Plantae

Cell walls, organ orginization. Conduct photosynthesis, contain chloroplasts. Autotrophs.

Porifera

contain pores. non-mobile. both asexual and sexual. (Sponges)

Cnidaria

sea organisms, 2 body forms - Medusa (swimming) and Polyp (moving form with tentacles)

Platyhelminthes

Flatworms, bilateral, one opening. Reproduce asexually through regeneration or sexually.

Animalia

Multicellular, possess organs. Largest kingdom. Heterotrophs, mobile during some part of life.