exam

biology

88 cards·by gutgo

The sea otter population in Washington once thrived with an original population of over 300,000 individuals. However over hunting reduced th

Bottleneck

The remnants of bones left in the tales of whales, hypothesized as what might have been a possible limb or a human's appendix and what some

Vestigial Structures

The pocket mouse and the ice fish both used this mechanism of Evolution in order to survive.

Mutation

Which of the following organism would best demonstrate the use of overproduction as a means of Natural Selection and function as a Keyst one

Bee's

The Founder Effect would most be pronounced in which situations

Reintroducing native salmon back into rivers where stocks are low

The method of using fossils and rock types from multiple regions around the World to explain how organisms traveled and Evolved over time is

Biogeography

What would NOT increase an organisms Fitness

Have unique physical markings

The majority of all the foods we eat today are due to this process

Artifical Selection

The most unpredictable method of Evolution is

Mutation

As a result of this type of Evolutionary Evidence we now know that Manatee's and Elephants are related.

DNA/RNA Technology

Give 3 examples how humans have influenced evolution in the last 100 years and state if you think that it is good or bad. Note what method(s

Vacinations, medications, surgeries, and GMO's. All these alterations have helped us live longer by fighting of some disease and feeding us.

Describe the difference between a Bottleneck and a Founder Effect. Give a hypothetical example of how each one could occur without human int

Founder effect is reduction of genetic variation from the original population. Bottleneck is sharp reduction in population example genocid

If the climate were to shift in such a dramatic way to cover many arid regions, such as Africa in snow, we would likely start to see more li

Directional Selection

In animals that exhibit a hierarchical society we see only select individuals able to breed. Such is the case with wolves, lions, and many p

Heredity

When animals are looking to choose a mate we say that they are basing their decision on

Phenotypic preference

What events could result in a bottleneck?

Natural Disasters, Overharvesting, Disease, Parasitism

This organelle is responsible for converting sugars into energy

Mitcohondria

What are some possible Niches for Oysters, Mussels or Clams

Purify the Water, Remediation, Food Source for animals

Possible Niches for Scotch Broom?

Habitat, Attracts pollinators, Decomposer, Hiding Spots, Soil Stabilization

Possible Niches for Kelp Forests?

Water filtration, Increase O2, Hiding spots for animals

This cellular replication process allows for cells to be genetically different from one another:

meiosis

Reasons for creating GMO plants

Soil remediation, increase nutritional content, reduce pesticide/herbicides

-What are some factors that influence Natural Selection?

Pollution, Habitat Fragmentation, Overharvesting, Natural Disasters

A type of relationship where one party benefits without affecting the other:

commensalism Monarch butterfly and milk weed

The quickest source of energy comes from this macromolecule

Carbohydrate

An example of a co-dominate inheritance pattern would be:

AB Blood type, calico cat, animal with spots or stipes

Example of each of the trophic levels

decomposer- fungi, bacteria producers Plants,trees, primary consumers cows, deer secondary frog, teritary Eagle

This organelle is responsible for the production of proteins and manufactured in the nucleolus:

ribosomes

Example of a Keystone species that is also a producer:

sagebrush, eel grass, Kelp

Example of a Keystone species that is also a tertiary consumer:

Sea Otters, Wolves, Salmon, Spotted Owl

Example of a Keystone species that is also a primary consumer:

Prairie Dogs, Beavers, Elk

Example of a Keystone species that is a secondary consumer:

Sage Grouse

A type of relationship where both parties benefit:

Mutalism

These macromolecules are the last to be broken down for energy also have the most diverse roles:

Proteins

Some of the best alternative energy options here for the PNW would be:

Hydropower, solar and algae

The dirtiest fossil fuel is:

Coal

The most widely used fossil fuel is:

oil

Overwatering a plant can kill it due to you the fact that you put its cells in this state:

Hypotonic

This agroforestry practice incorporates animals and trees:

Silvopasture

What factors could lead to a Founder Effect event occurring?

Habitat Fragmentation, Natural Disaster, Relocation

A group of the same species all living together is a called:

Population examples pack wolves , swarm bees, herd bison

A group of all the living things occupying the same area is called:

community give examples

Skin and eye color or height and weight are all examples of this type of inheritance pattern:

polygenetic inheritance

An example of an Ecosystem

fresh water, marine, tropical forest, desert

An example of a Habitat

is the natural environment of someone or something. An example of habitat is the desert to a camel

-An example of a Biotic factor

are the living components of an ecosystem and are sorted into three groups: producers or autotrophs, consumers or heterotrophs, and decompos

An example of an Abiotic factor

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and forest fires, Climate

These bonds are responsible for small animals like the water strider or the Jesus lizard to move across the top of water:

Hydrogen

Growing both annuals and perennials together on the same plot of land is referred to as this:

Alleycropping

Evolution can be altered by

Mutation, Artificial Selection, Pollution, Speciation, Habitat Fragmentation

An example of an invasive species would be:

Gypsy Moth, Scotch Broom, Asian Carp, Spartina, Green Crap

A diet in excess fats will require these organelles specifically to work harder:

Peroxisomes

A type of LID that uses trees and soils along roadways or in parking lots to reduce runoff is called:

Tree box filters

An example of a parasitism relationship

ticks or fleas on a dog

What are some factors that would influence a populations Carrying Capacity?

Nutrients, Space, Competition, Predation

These help to reduce the effects of Habitat Fragmentation:

Habitat Corridors (But are not the most important thing)

A type of LID that collects rainwater off a roof and directs it into storage containers is often called:

Rainbarrels/Cisterns

The most popular type of LID that you would see around an urban area is called:

Bioretention

Cellular replication that produces cells for the purpose of repair or lost cells is called this

Mitosis (how is this different than the other replication method)

Raising several different crops on the same plot of land at the same time is referred to as this:

Polyculture

Sitting in a bathtub for a prolonged period of time or consuming too much caffeine puts your cells in this state:

Hypertonic

Oysters, clams, and mussels can live in the same area due to this process

Resource Partitioning (Give another example)

The method of agriculture that would inevitably release the most CO2 upon harvest would be:

Monoculture

This organelle is responsible for detox and the production of lipids:

Smooth ER

The main requirements for Photosynthesis are:

CO2, H2O, light

The weakest chemical bond is:

Ionic

The bond that is found in glucose and within a single water molecule is:

Covelant

Cellular Respiration produces these by-products:

O2, H2O, ATP

-Cellular Respiration requires these ingredients:

O2, H2O, glucose

These macromolecules hold the most energy:

Lipids

When two different species interbreed and create a new viable species this is called:

Speciation (give an example) apple maggot , finches

This organelle is responsible for modifying proteins and dispersing products from both of the ER’s to other regions of the cell:

Golgi

-Someone who has a disease/disorder but is not expressing it yet can pass it on to offspring is referred to as:

Carrier

Smelling popcorn, coffee or watching food coloring move through water demonstrates this:

Diffusion

The movement of water across cell membranes is done via this:

Osmosis

Transpiration in plant cells occurs in this region:

Stomata (what else passes here) Photosynthesis

Consuming lots of proteins will require many of these organelles specifically to function at higher rates:

Proteasomes

The base pairs of DNA are made from these macromolecules:

Nucleic Acids

This is the easiest way to get genetic variation:

Crossing Over

-This organelle holds ribosomes and produces proteins:

Rough ER

This organelle manufactures ribosomes:

Nucleolus

A genotype is represented in this fashion:

Letters

This type of relationship is harmful to both parties:

Competition

Genotype

genotype refers to the entire set of genes in a cell, an organism, or an individual.A gene for a particular character or trait may exist in

Phenotype

is the visible or expressed trait, such as hair color.

gene

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

What is ecosystem and types of ecosystem?

. Plants, animals, insects, microorganisms, rocks, soil, water and sunlight are major components of many ecosystems. All types of ecosystems

the five pieces of evidence for evolution

Fossils,molecular evidence, comparative embryology,homologous structures, vestigial structures