American History

WWI

38 cards·by emily.timm

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4 Causes of WWI

Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, Alliance System

Triple Alliance (Central Powers)

Germany, Italy, Austro-Hungary Empire

Triple Entente

Allied Powers

Triple Alliance

Central Powers

Triple Entente (Allied Powers)

France, Great Britain, Russia

Country annexed by Austro-Hungary Empire by acts of imperialism. This made the Serbs furious as they felt this country should be theirs.

Bosnia

Arch-Duke of Austro-Hungary who was assassinated by a Serb. Triggers the alliance system.

Franz Ferdinand

German plan to attack France by marching through neutral Belgium. Does not work as Russia invades Germany while they are invading France.

Schlieffen Plan

Why does Great Britain enter the war?

Alliance system - they were protecting Belgium after Germany marches through on its way to France.

Did President Wilson want to enter the war?

No! He was an isolationist who wanted to remain neutral; "too proud to fight"

British passenger ship that was sunk by German U-boats, killing 128 Americans

Lusitania

French merchant ship attacked by German u-boats

Sussex

Events leading U.S. to join war

Germany attacking U.S. ships; does not stop after Pres. Wilson demands it to; Sussex sunk, killing 80 Americans

Sussex Pledge

Germany pledges not to sink merchant vessels "without warning and without saving human lives."

3 Reasons U.S. joins the war

Wilson wins re-election, Germany begins sinking ships again, Zimmerman Note

When does the U.S. declare war?

April 6, 1917

Zimmerman Note

Note from Germany to Mexico trying to provoke war between Mex. and U.S.; states they will help re-gain lost land; Intercepted by G. Britain

What new warfare was used during WWI?

Tank, Poisonous Gas and Gas Masks, Airplanes, Submarines, Machine Guns

How did women in the U.S. support the war effort?

Entered the workforce, working in factories, railroads, and docks

What did they National War Labor Board fight for?

Higher wages, Better working conditions, Equal pay for women

Selective Service Act

All males 21-30yrs old must register; Most volunteered

Home Front

Herbert Hoover requested increased food production and conservation of supplies; Victory gardens.

Propaganda

"Uncle Sam"; posters, pamphlets and speeches by celebrities supporting war; Schools banned German language.

Why does Russia pull out of the war?

Bolshevik party gains control (Lenin); more worried about self and not the war effort (gives Germany full fight over France and land)

What was the convoy system?

U.S. troop ships surrounded by warships to get to Europe under Admiral Sims direction

How did General Pershing insist the U.S. troops fight?

As units, together; not with other countries

What year did WWI end?

1918

Who led the massive attack in the Argonne Forest?

Pershing

What country experienced riots, protests, and food shortages after the war?

Germany

Revolutions

Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Empire surrender; German Emperor steps down and they sign an armistice

What is another name for armistice?

Treaty

What was the Treaty of Versailles?

27 countries present; based on President Wilson's 14 points

Who were the "Big 4" nations present at Versailles?

U.S., Great Britain, France, and Italy

Was Russia invited to Versailles?

No, the allies refused to recognize a communist government.

What was included in Wilson's 14 points?

Open diplomacy, No trade barriers, Reduce militaries, join the League of Nations.

Why did President Wilson write the 14 points?

To ensure a "Great War" would never happen again.

What were the effects of WWI?

4 Empires split; 9 new nations were created.

What were the conditions that Germany had to follow, following WWI?

Limited military with no air force, demilitarize the Rhine land, colonies under British and French supervision, pay $33 Billion.