Management

education, assessment and feedback, work experiences, relationships

clarify objectives, maximize similarity between training and job, convey general principles, practice and feedback, use questions

use social networks, personal contact, target target target, proofread ads

websites, job listing sites, ads, referrals, agencies

job security, rigorous hiring process, employee empowerment, compensations linked to performance, comprehensive training, status differences

evaluating employee performance relative to standards

list of duties, responsibilities, and qualifications

qualifications

no fixed questions, low validity, open to legal attack

set of standard job related questions

investigates charges of discrimination

permits sex, age, religion, etc. to be used when making employment decision

identify and define skills and knowledge, create relaxed atmosphere, allow enough time, review notes

impart information and knowledge, develop analytical skills and problem solving skills, practice learn or change behaviors

films videos and lectures, coaching and group discussions, on job training and role playing

loss of poor performing employee who chooses to leave company

loss of high performing employees who chooses to leave company

initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to pursue goals

Performance = Ability X Motivation

existence, relatedness, growth

different people motivated by different needs: affiliation, achievement, power

skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback

difficult and specific, committed, confident, feedback provided, task learned well

dramatic increase in performance after goal was set

your outcomes/ your inputs = other outcomes/ other inputs

distributive (equity theory), procedural (rules are fair), interactive (treated with respect)

inadequate- theft rose significantly; adequate- theft rose slightly

people motivated by: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization

behavior followed by a positive consequence = repeated more; behavior followed by negative consequence = repeated less

people motivated to extent to which they believe their efforts will be rewarded

inspiring, influencing, guiding others in common effort

planning, organizing, controlling, allocating resources in common effort

trait theory, behavioral styles theory, situation theory, transformational theory

drive, desire to lead, integrity, self-confidence, emotional stability, cognitive abilities, knowledge, height?

initiating structure, consideration

no leader is best in all situation, leaders should adapt or be matched to situation

idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration

can it be learned? YES does it matter? YES

25% daily task is email, 145 billion emails daily, 44 emails per day, Crawford 53 emails per day

body language, facial expressions

clear and concise, use subject line, rarely use attachments, never assume privacy, inform about replying

resistance, compliance, acceptance

stimulus --> attention --> organization --> interpretation --> retention -- > perception

selective perception

sender --> encode message --> transmit message --> receive message --> decode message --> receiver --> feedback to sender

giving speaker nonjudgemental feedback that shows you heard what they said

need breaks, eliminate unnecessary steps, need to be trained

people in charge should be ones with most knowledge not born into family

care for employees, exercise power with others, think about organization as a whole

companies made up of 2 or more components that have to operate independently to achieve common purpose

Flexibility, External, Stability, Internal

develop science for mans work, select and train, cooperate with men, equal division of work

qualify based hiring, merit based promo, chain of command, division of labor, application of rules, record in writing, managers separate own

think 3-5 years in advance, make tougher decisions

put top managers orders into work, think 6-18 months in advance, oversee dozens of employees

think between 2-3 weeks, don't over see many employees

planning, organizing, leading, controlling

setting goals and deciding action, developing rules and procedures, developing budgets and plans

identifying jobs to be done, hiring, delegating

influencing people to get job done, maintaining morale, managing conflict and communication

set standards and monitor performance, take action if standards aren't met

conceptual, human, technical

ability to think into the future

ability to work well with others

skills on knowing how to get job done

reading, reflecting, relationships, real experience

insensitive, cold/ arrogant, betray trust

tip: SMART goals mistake: setting vague goals, failing to follow through

tips: ask questions mistake: not having standards, ignoring parts of identity

tip: produces desired result mistake: negative emotions or habits

tip: reward yourself accordingly to what you've accomplished mistake: rewarding too early, too late or too much

delete, delegate, diminish, delay

actual productivity = potential productivity + process gains - process losses

group maintenance, social loafing, production blocking

information exchange, load balance, social facilitation

formal written agreements, managers repeated actions, responses to critical events

create group cohesion

complete tasks, solve problems, achieve goals

if you like your team you are more willing to stay in it

all members present at meetings, arrange additional time to work together, do something non-work together

get to know one another background, assume best intentions

defines what is right and wrong

behavior that conforms to a society's accepted principles of right and wrong

magnitude of consequences, probability of effect, proximity of effect, social consensus, temporal immediacy, concentration of effect

avoid punishment, maintain exchange relationships, earn approval of others, follow rule and law, protect ind rights, follow universal princ

identify problem, identify constituents, diagnose situation, analyze options, make your choice, act

maximize profits

responsibility is firms long-term survival

make profits, stay within rules of the game, don't violate whats right and wrong, give back to community

keep company current, reduces uncertainty, alters organization strategy, contributes to organization performance, avoid confirmation bias

economy, technology, sociocultural, political/legal

customers, competitors, suppliers, laws/regulations, advocacy groups

exporting, cooperative contracts, strategic alliances, wholly owned affiliates

nonverbal and situational messages convey meanings, relationships are more important

words convey primary meaning, terms of deal are more important than relationships

long= focuses on future short= focus on present or past

people in culture are uncomfortable with unstructured, ambiguous situations

mas= assertive and competitive fem= relationship building, caring for others

ind= stand on own two feet collect= work together in group

high= told what to do low= no one is above anyone else

growing markets, choosing location, minimizing political risk

pro= 1 person partner= 2 or more people... taxed individually and personally liable

contracts and individuals can't be sued, taxes separate, individuals not liable

only taxed once, can't go after individual assets

investment, debt

define the problem, identify decision criteria, weigh criteria, generate alternatives, evaluate alternatives, compute optimal decision

minimizes risk by diversifying investment among various business product lines

question marks, stars, dogs, cash cows

adjusting ongoing activities

anticipating and preventing problems

learning from past mistakes

most widely used control device

encourages managers to look beyond traditional financial measures

traditional planning and control processes, predictable process

deliberate creation of creative work environments, high uncertainty

empathize, communicate, educate, offer security, explain

functional, product, customer, geographic

benefit= efficient, communication is easy drawback= departments separated, slow decisionmaking

benefit= product expertise, decision made quicker drawback= need more people, cost more

benefit= each customer is different drawback= redundant

benefit= needs in countries differ drawbacks= redundant

broad about who you report to, decentralized authority, high generalization

very clear, centralized authority, low delegation, high specialization

right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command

right to advise but not command other who are not subordinates

manager transfers responsibility, manager gives subordinate full responsibility, transfer of accountability