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geol final deck 2
40 cards·by crayonwarrior
A boundary where two plates move apart
divergent boundary
A boundary where plates move together
convergent boundary
A boundary where plates move next to each other
transform boundary
A constructive boundary is a
divergent boundary
A destructive boundary is a
convergent boundary
A conservative boundary is a
transform boundary
Divergeant boundaries are _____ _______ and occur at places like mid-ocean ridges
spreading centers
continent-ocean, ocean-ocean, and continent-continent are different types of
convergent boundaries
At a convergent boundary, ________ can occur
subduction
At a __________-_______ sub-zone, the ______ plate is subducting other the other. This can
create mountain ranges like the Andes
continent-ocean, oceanic
Ocean-ocean boundaries create ___ ____ like Japan
island arcs
At continent-continent boundaries, why are mountains created?
Continental crust too buoyant to be subducted
Volcanos and earthquakes are potential hazards at which kinds of convergant boundaries?
Ocean-continent and continent-continent
The San Andreas Fault is an example of a
transform boundary
Discrete pieces of lithosphere at the Earth's surface that move w/ respect of one another
plates
Sea floor spreading and continental drift are inc'd under
Theory of Plate Techtonics
This force is what drives plate movement beginning at the mantle
convection cells
The two traits of this mantlepiece (badumtsss) are: hot and plastic, which allow plates to
move
asthenosphere
This was the thing most critical in proving seafloor spreading
paleomagnetic studies of oceanic crust
A process of recycling oceanic crust
subduction
Where would you expect to find new oceanic crust being created?
convergent boundary
Rocks become ______ and deform _______ under high pressure and heat
ductile, plastically
A belt of earthquakes found w/in a downgoing plate at a subduction zone
Benioff Zone
When a hanging wall slides up relative to a footwall
reverse fault
The highest velocity wave is the
P-wave
___ stations are needed to find a precise epicenter
three
To find the location of an epicenter, one must measure the difference between
Time of p-wave arrival at different stations
Compressional stress is associated with which kind of zone?
subduction zone
Most (if not all) transform boundaries are found
within continents
An uplifted block is known as
horst
A dropped block is called a... (wait for it...) (...hope its worth the weight...)
graben
A section of a fault that has not experienced an earthquake in a long time
seismic gap
Thinning, divergent plate boundary stress
tensional stress
Thickening, convergent plate boundary stress pushes rocks together
compressional stress
Transform boundary stress that distorts rocks
shear stress
Divergent volcanism is SiO2 (rich/poor?) and (hot/cold?)
poor, hot
Temperature and SiO2 continent affect a magma's
viscosity
Influences the type of eruption a volcano can have
viscosity and gas content
Explosive eruptions are more likely to occur at
subduction zones
relatively small, andesitic magma, highly explosive
stratovolcanos