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History
exam 2
44 cards·by doublerglory
Myceneans
built very large palaces; warrior people; they fight to gain more territories
Trojan War
a fight for the city of Troy; in reality it was a very minor conflict; Greeks continued to tell
the story of it years after it happened beca
Homer
wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
The Odyssey
expressed the values and ideas that Greeks thought were important; Odysseus’ journey home to
Ithaca, he has so many obstacles (Cyclops, lotu
Athens
own society in the Greek peninsula; ruled by upper-class men; poor people worked the farms;
women had no place and no rights, represented by
Sparta
was the military power house; it is its own society in the Greek peninsula; all about
agriculture; helots were the slaves who did most of th
solon
a man hired to come in and reevaluate Draco’s Laws; created Solon’s Laws and the Council of 400
Council of 400
those who are connected to the issues that people had; slightly like our congress; listened to
the people and then informed the government a
Draco
leader of Athens; created Draco’s Law; tried to keep the citizens from rising up; scared the
people into submission; death was the punishmen
Pericles
believed government should have the citizen’s interest in mind; one to move Athens closest to
democracy; everyone mattered; made it to where
Persian Wars
Persians were expanding; under Zerks everyone had to identify as Persians and the Greeks
didn’t like that; created a Delian League which con
Pheidippides
Athenian solider; ran from Athens to Sparta to ask Spartans for help in the battle, Sparta
agrees, he ran back to Athens but the Athenian ar
Battle of Thermopylae
everyone but the 300 Spartans either fled or was killed, so the 300 Spartans stayed and fought
to the death; even though everyone died it sh
Battle of Salamis
Greeks had an advantage, had lighter and faster ships, and used the speed of their ships to
their advantage; Greeks won this battle; only ti
Peloponnesian War
started with the breakdown of the Delian League; members began to fear each other’s power and
feared their independence; Greek city states f
Philip of Macedon
lead the attack on Greece because it was weak; son is Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great
son of Philip of Macedonia helped attack Greece
Phoenicians
created the alphabet and spread it through their trade; had the best mariners and traders
Gladiator
recruited slaves, criminals, and prisoners of war; participated in real war reenactments,
to the death; you were considered a hero if you wo
Socrates
a philosopher that was tried for atheism and for corrupting the youth of Athens; the
separation of the body and soul is not something to be
Plato
shaped western intellectual history; distinguishes the five senses from the world of ideas;
Socrates’ pupil
Aristotle
Plato’s best pupil at The Academy; known as “the brain”; “the master of those who know”; based
his own general concepts on logical argumenta
Thucydides
carefully evaluated historical evidence; believed history should chiefly provide an
accurate record and analysis of past events as a basis f
Siddhartha Gautama
founder of Buddhism, he is Buddha, his name means “sage of the sakyas”; married his cousin at 16
Jainism
contested the denomination of brahmans; participate in a nonviolent and no injurious way
toward living things; they are vegetarians and are
Roman Republic
overthrew the king, got rid of the monarchy, became a republic; government officials
represent the citizens; greatest legacy Rome left behin
Roman Empire
lead to the end of the Jewish civil war; when Christianity is split from Judaism
Law of the Twelve Tables
written down law and constitution; allowed plebeians to marry patricians; and allowed
plebeians to be elected as a consul
Julius Caesar
- since Rome was becoming so large it was hard to keep control and order, he was a consul but
wanted more power for himself; launched an inv
Octavian/Augustus
- takes the lead after Julius Caesar; still representative government but will become an
empire; rules for 45 years; next 300 years Rome rem
Constantine
Christine Emperor; believed that as a Christian and an emperor meant he had direct access to
God; made political decisions by saying “this i
Atilla the Hun
leader of the invasion that caused the fall of the Roman Empire
Visigoths
took part in conquering and dividing the old territories of the Roman Empire
Samuel
first king of isreal; former judge
Christianity
during the Byzantine Empire became a major political force; was the center of all politics;
Christian emperor Constantine gave it a whole ne
Byzantine Empire
prevented the expansion if Islam into Europe; centrally located along trading routes
between Asia and Europe; government was highly centrali
Justinian
truly tried to connect politics and Christianity; wanted to use Christianity to enhance
political power; his family growing up emphasized ed
Theodora
supported Justinian; Channeled her ambition through her husband because she had no
political power; convinces Justinian to stay and not flee
Essenes
emphasis on the Law of Moses, purity, and scrupulous observance of the Sabbath; do not believe
in the resurrection of the dead
Paul of Tarsus
only first century partisan of the Christian faith to leave a substantial written legacy; his
letters constitute 1/4th of the New testament;
Sadducees
belonged to aristocratic families whose members often served as priests; did not have the
same popular approval as the Pharises; did not bel
Zealots
terrorist of political resistance groups; advocated revolutionary overthrow of the Roman
authorities; wanted to establish a free nation base
Constantinople
new capital of the Byzantine Empire established my Constantine; was made a place of learning
and where the intellectual elite would come and
City of God
when Augustine argues that the disruction of the roman empire might be God’s plan and the
humans aught give their permanent allegiance not t