Aural Rehab Chapter 10 Exam

part1

23 cards·by chewitt7

communication modelperceptionperceptual conceptsfrequency resolutionfilteringspeech perceptiontrmporal resolution

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Communication Model (sending message)

1. Perception > expressive language (select and sort)> Organize and Encode> Send Message >(transmission)

Communication Model (recieving message)

(transmission)> Reception > Decoding > Receptive Language (select and sort)> Perception

Full Communication Model

P1{perception, exp. Lang/ select , organize , send message} (trans>>) P2{reception,decoding,recept.lang(select/sort),perception

Communication

a proces of building overlaping perceptions

Perception

the discrimination, differentiation, & interpretation of stimuli that leads to an awareness & understanding of ourselves & environment

3 Basic Perpetual Concepts

Proximity(how close 1 sound to another), Continuity(vowels relative to consonants), Similarity(used to=easier to figure out)

Proximity

how close is one sound to another

Continuity

Vowels are relative to consonants (carryover)

Similarity

similar to what you're used to hearing=easier to figure out

3 Basic Elements of Perception

1.Figure-Ground Relationships 2. Closure 3. Perceptual

Figure Ground Relationships

(one of 3 basic elements of perception) the ability to identify a stimulus in the presence of other competing stimuli

Closure

(one of 3 basic elements of perception) the ability to identify the whole when only part of a stimulus is present

Perceptual Inference

(one of 3 basic elements of perception) taking the elements that are present and forming an opinion (perceptions are not reality)

4 Primary Areas of Impact (on speech perception)

1. Filtering 2. Reduced f Resolution 3. Reduced Temporal Resolution 4. Abnormal Loudness Growth

Filtering

(1/4 prim. areas of impact on speech perception) Hearing Loss prevents some sound from being heard. -intelligibility is reduced

Reduced Frequency Resolution

(area of impact speech perception) similar sounds may be i.d. as same, sounds must have greater f difference to be discrim, dif.w/back noise

Reduced Temporal Resolution

(area of impact speech perception) ear requires longer time-based cues to be able to hear dif, vowel formant transitions, plosive/fric dif

Abnormal Loudness Growth

(area of impact speech perception) loudness increases more rapidly than normal from threshhold to discomfort level

The Speech Signal

cont stream info, fast, patterns change over time/speaker, competing sounds oft present, overlapping/coartic features, pat.linguistic based

Vowels, Dipthongs, Semi-Vowels (acoustics)

-Primary acoustic cues are formants (F1,F2,F3) -Steady for vowels, change over time for dipthongs &semivowels

Nasals (acoustics)

-a lot like vowels but have Much Less Power & have Nasal Resonance

Continuants (acoustics)

Clusters of noise -the cut off frequency is important

Stops & Plosives (acoustics)

time dependent w/ other acoustic cues