Integrated Natural Science

number of protons and neutrons in an atom

number of protons in an atom and determines what the element is

a collection of the same type of atom

a homogeneous mixture where one substance is present in a larger amount than other substances; consists of solutes and solvents

mixture of unevenly mixed components

mixture of evenly mixed components

a combination of pure substances; varying composition

substance made up of only one type of atom or molecule; elements or compounds; fixed composition

group 1; 1 valence electron; gives away electron

group 2; 2 valence electrons; gives away 2 electorns

group 16; 6 valence electrons; gains 2 electrons

group 17; 7 valence electrons; gains 1 electron

group 18; 8 valence electrons; stable element

an atom with a charge other than zero; could be positive or negative

forms when one element loses valence electrons and another gains them

forms when two non-metals share a valence electrons

forms between metals when valence electrons are shared among the elements and not limited to two

protons are fused together using high speeds and high temperatures; mass converted to energy

force that attracts protons and causes them to stick together

measures length

measures power

gravity causes star to contract and become smaller while thermal energy causes it to expand and become larger

main parts: nucleus and electron cloud; nucleus made up of protons and neutrons; electrons can have positive or negative charges

causes protons to be repulsed by each other

the study of other planets, the sun, the stars and other galaxies

measures force

13-14 billion years ago, a huge extremely hot explosion created space, time and matter and began expanding the universe outward

stellar nebula; average star (hydrogen fusion); red giant (helium fusion); planetary nebula; white dwarf

universe matter is made up of 75% hydrogen and 25% helium

the study of rocks; earth science such as plate tectonics

the study of interactions of atoms; the building blocks of matter

an educated guess or reasonable explanation

a general hypothesis that has been tested over and over and has not been contradicted

the study of life; it is very complex

measures electrical potential

measures velocity and distance proving galaxies moving away from us

stellar nebula; massive star (H); red giant (He); super red giant (C, Ne, O & Si); supernova; neutron star or black hole

a phenomenon about which competent observers can agree

a problem with an observation

splitting of the nucleus into smaller parts; converts mass into energy

an unstable atom caused by an imbalance of protons and neutrons -or- because there are too many protons to overcome the electrical force

measures electrical current

the study of motion/movement; concepts in force, energy, waves and an atom's radiation

noticing changes or constants; collecting data

measures temperature

states that further galaxies are moving away faster than closer galaxies; proves the universe is expanding

the study of the origin and structure of the physical universe

a synthesis of facts and well-tested hypotheses about the aspects of the natural world supported by a massive body of evidence

measures volume

static found as a remnant of the 'Big Bang Theory' due to measures of radiation and temperature

measures mass

measure electrical resistance

energy is the product of mass times the speed of light squared

measures energy (such as calories)