Sign in to save your progress, vote, and build your own decks.Sign in
unit 7
d
222 cards·by 419624
s
Agglomeration
Grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or
cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of l
2. Basic industries
Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the
settlement
Break-of-bulk point
A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.
Bulk-gaining industry
An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the
inputs.
Bulk-reducing industry
An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.
Canadian Industrial heartland
Canada has a sizable manufacturing sector
commodity dependence
economic dependence on exports of raw materials
comparative advantage
the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer
Competitive Advantage
a set of unique features of a company and its products that are perceived by the target market as
significant and superior to those of the c
Complementary Trade
when two regions specifically satisfy each other's needs through exchange of raw materials
and or finished goods
Agglomeration
Grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or
cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of l
Core Region
the primary auditory cortex
2. Basic industries
Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the
settlement
cottage industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory
Break-of-bulk point
A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.
Deglomeration
The dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration.
Bulk-gaining industry
An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the
inputs.
Deindustrialization
process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor
Dependency Theory
a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the
historical exploitation of poor nations by rich o
Bulk-reducing industry
An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.
development
A process of improvement in the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge
and technology.
Canadian Industrial heartland
Canada has a sizable manufacturing sector
Distance Decay
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing
distance from its origin.
commodity dependence
economic dependence on exports of raw materials
comparative advantage
the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer
Economic Sectors
primary (taking raw materials from earth - agriculture
Ecotourism
the practice and business of recreational travel based on concern for the environment
Competitive Advantage
a set of unique features of a company and its products that are perceived by the target market as
significant and superior to those of the c
Complementary Trade
when two regions specifically satisfy each other's needs through exchange of raw materials
and or finished goods
Entrepot
Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities.
export processing zones (EPZs)
zones established by many countries in the periphery and semi-periphery where they offer
favorable tax
Core Region
the primary auditory cortex
fair trade
Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and
democratically run cooperatives and requires employ
cottage industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory
Footloose industry
industry in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not
important for the location of firms
Deglomeration
The dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration.
Fordist production
Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform
repeatedly.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country.
Deindustrialization
process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor
Dependency Theory
a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the
historical exploitation of poor nations by rich o
Formal Economy
The legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government and is included in a government's
Gross National Product; as opposed to an inf
development
A process of improvement in the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge
and technology.
Free trade agreement
an agreement between member countries to remove duties and trade barriers on products traded
among them.
Distance Decay
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing
distance from its origin.
free trade zone
an area of a country in which trade restrictions do not apply
Economic Sectors
primary (taking raw materials from earth - agriculture
friction of distance
the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
Compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision
making.
Ecotourism
the practice and business of recreational travel based on concern for the environment
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A measure of the extent of each country's gender inequality
Entrepot
Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities.
export processing zones (EPZs)
zones established by many countries in the periphery and semi-periphery where they offer
favorable tax
Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
Compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes.
fair trade
Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and
democratically run cooperatives and requires employ
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide
in scope.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
A measurement of the total goods and services produced within a country.
Footloose industry
industry in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not
important for the location of firms
Fordist production
Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform
repeatedly.
Gross National Product (GNP)
The total value of goods and services
Growth pole
an urban center with certain attributes that
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country.
High-technology corridors
areas alone or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to research
Formal Economy
The legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government and is included in a government's
Gross National Product; as opposed to an inf
Human Development Index (HDI)
Indicator of level of development for each country
Free trade agreement
an agreement between member countries to remove duties and trade barriers on products traded
among them.
Industrialization
The development of industries for the machine production of goods.
free trade zone
an area of a country in which trade restrictions do not apply
informal economy
Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in
that government's Gross National Product; as o
friction of distance
the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance
international division of labor
The process where the assembing procedures for a product are spread out through different
parts of the world
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
Compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision
making.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
an international organization that acts as a lender of last resort
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A measure of the extent of each country's gender inequality
islands of development
Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has
relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and
Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
Compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes.
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide
in scope.
Just-in-time delivery
Shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed
Labor Intensive
Type of industry in which labor cost is a high percentage of expense.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
A measurement of the total goods and services produced within a country.
Labor union
An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions
Gross National Product (GNP)
The total value of goods and services
Least Cost Theory
Model developed by Alfred Weber according to which the location of manufacturing
establishments is determined by the minimization of three c
Growth pole
an urban center with certain attributes that
Manufacturing export zones
A feature of economic development in peripheral countries whereby the host country
establishes areas with favorable tax
High-technology corridors
areas alone or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to research
Maquiladora
Factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of much lower
labor costs in Mexico.
Human Development Index (HDI)
Indicator of level of development for each country
Mass Consumption
a large number of people purchasing large quantities of goods
Industrialization
The development of industries for the machine production of goods.
Mercosur
Pact among Argentina
informal economy
Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in
that government's Gross National Product; as o
Microloans
Small-business loans often used to buy equipment or operate a business
international division of labor
The process where the assembing procedures for a product are spread out through different
parts of the world
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
an international organization that acts as a lender of last resort
multinational corporation (MNC)
As one of the primary agents of globalization
islands of development
Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has
relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and
Multiplier Effects
the idea that every one dollar of government spending creates more than one dollar in economic
activity
Just-in-time delivery
Shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed
Natural resource depletion
about 85% of energy uses coal
Labor Intensive
Type of industry in which labor cost is a high percentage of expense.
Neo-colonialism
The entrenchment of the colonial order
Labor union
An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions
Neoliberal policies
economic policies that are predicated on a minimalist role for the state
Least Cost Theory
Model developed by Alfred Weber according to which the location of manufacturing
establishments is determined by the minimization of three c
Newly Industrialized Country (NIC)
country that has recently increased the portion of its national production and exports
derived from industrial operations
Manufacturing export zones
A feature of economic development in peripheral countries whereby the host country
establishes areas with favorable tax
Nonbasic industries
Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.
Maquiladora
Factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of much lower
labor costs in Mexico.
Outsourcing
A decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to
independent suppliers.
Mass Consumption
a large number of people purchasing large quantities of goods
periphery
the outermost part or boundary
Mercosur
Pact among Argentina
Post-Fordist production
Adoption by companies of flexible work rules
Microloans
Small-business loans often used to buy equipment or operate a business
Right-to-work state
A U.S. state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract
that requires workers to join a union as a con
multinational corporation (MNC)
As one of the primary agents of globalization
Sectors of the economy
Review from the agriculture region: Primary
Multiplier Effects
the idea that every one dollar of government spending creates more than one dollar in economic
activity
Semiperiphery
places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by
the core but in turn exploit the periphery
Natural resource depletion
about 85% of energy uses coal
Special economic zone
Region offering special tax breaks
Neo-colonialism
The entrenchment of the colonial order
Standard of living
level of economic prosperity
Neoliberal policies
economic policies that are predicated on a minimalist role for the state
Sustainable development
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Agglomeration
Grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or
cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of l
Tariff
A tax on imported goods
2. Basic industries
Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the
settlement
Newly Industrialized Country (NIC)
country that has recently increased the portion of its national production and exports
derived from industrial operations
Break-of-bulk point
A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.
Textile
A fabric made by weaving
Nonbasic industries
Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.
Trading blocs
A group of neighboring countries that promote trade with each other and erect barriers to
limit trade with other blocs
Bulk-gaining industry
An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the
inputs.
Outsourcing
A decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to
independent suppliers.
Transnational Corporation
A company that conducts research
Bulk-reducing industry
An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.
periphery
the outermost part or boundary
Vertical integration
Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product
Canadian Industrial heartland
Canada has a sizable manufacturing sector
Post-Fordist production
Adoption by companies of flexible work rules
World Trade Organization (WTO)
a trade organization that replaced the old General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
commodity dependence
economic dependence on exports of raw materials
Right-to-work state
A U.S. state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract
that requires workers to join a union as a con
comparative advantage
the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer
Competitive Advantage
a set of unique features of a company and its products that are perceived by the target market as
significant and superior to those of the c
Sectors of the economy
Review from the agriculture region: Primary
Complementary Trade
when two regions specifically satisfy each other's needs through exchange of raw materials
and or finished goods
Semiperiphery
places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by
the core but in turn exploit the periphery
Special economic zone
Region offering special tax breaks
Core Region
the primary auditory cortex
Standard of living
level of economic prosperity
cottage industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory
Sustainable development
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Deglomeration
The dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration.
Deindustrialization
process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor
Tariff
A tax on imported goods
Dependency Theory
a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the
historical exploitation of poor nations by rich o
Textile
A fabric made by weaving
development
A process of improvement in the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge
and technology.
Trading blocs
A group of neighboring countries that promote trade with each other and erect barriers to
limit trade with other blocs
Distance Decay
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing
distance from its origin.
Economic Sectors
primary (taking raw materials from earth - agriculture
Transnational Corporation
A company that conducts research
Ecotourism
the practice and business of recreational travel based on concern for the environment
Vertical integration
Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product
Entrepot
Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities.
export processing zones (EPZs)
zones established by many countries in the periphery and semi-periphery where they offer
favorable tax
World Trade Organization (WTO)
a trade organization that replaced the old General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
fair trade
Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and
democratically run cooperatives and requires employ
Footloose industry
industry in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not
important for the location of firms
Fordist production
Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform
repeatedly.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country.
Formal Economy
The legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government and is included in a government's
Gross National Product; as opposed to an inf
Free trade agreement
an agreement between member countries to remove duties and trade barriers on products traded
among them.
free trade zone
an area of a country in which trade restrictions do not apply
friction of distance
the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
Compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision
making.
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A measure of the extent of each country's gender inequality
Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
Compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes.
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide
in scope.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
A measurement of the total goods and services produced within a country.
Gross National Product (GNP)
The total value of goods and services
Growth pole
an urban center with certain attributes that
High-technology corridors
areas alone or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to research
Human Development Index (HDI)
Indicator of level of development for each country
Industrialization
The development of industries for the machine production of goods.
informal economy
Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in
that government's Gross National Product; as o
international division of labor
The process where the assembing procedures for a product are spread out through different
parts of the world
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
an international organization that acts as a lender of last resort
islands of development
Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has
relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and
Just-in-time delivery
Shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed
Labor Intensive
Type of industry in which labor cost is a high percentage of expense.
Labor union
An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions
Least Cost Theory
Model developed by Alfred Weber according to which the location of manufacturing
establishments is determined by the minimization of three c
Manufacturing export zones
A feature of economic development in peripheral countries whereby the host country
establishes areas with favorable tax
Maquiladora
Factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of much lower
labor costs in Mexico.
Mass Consumption
a large number of people purchasing large quantities of goods
Mercosur
Pact among Argentina
Microloans
Small-business loans often used to buy equipment or operate a business
multinational corporation (MNC)
As one of the primary agents of globalization
Multiplier Effects
the idea that every one dollar of government spending creates more than one dollar in economic
activity
Natural resource depletion
about 85% of energy uses coal
Neo-colonialism
The entrenchment of the colonial order
Neoliberal policies
economic policies that are predicated on a minimalist role for the state
Newly Industrialized Country (NIC)
country that has recently increased the portion of its national production and exports
derived from industrial operations
Nonbasic industries
Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.
Outsourcing
A decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to
independent suppliers.
periphery
the outermost part or boundary
Post-Fordist production
Adoption by companies of flexible work rules
Right-to-work state
A U.S. state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract
that requires workers to join a union as a con
Sectors of the economy
Review from the agriculture region: Primary
Semiperiphery
places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by
the core but in turn exploit the periphery
Special economic zone
Region offering special tax breaks
Standard of living
level of economic prosperity
Sustainable development
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Tariff
A tax on imported goods
Textile
A fabric made by weaving
Trading blocs
A group of neighboring countries that promote trade with each other and erect barriers to
limit trade with other blocs
Transnational Corporation
A company that conducts research
Vertical integration
Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product
World Trade Organization (WTO)
a trade organization that replaced the old General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)