Public Speaking Chapter 14 & 15

a way we structure reality to accept something as true or false.

an enduring concept of good and bad, right and wrong.

refers to credibility

logic; the formal set of rules to reach a conclusion

refers to appeals to human EMOTION

the internal force that drives people to achieve their goals

People can be persuaded by logic, evidence, reasoning, credibility of the speaker

think about information,ideas and issues related to the content of a message

Persuasion that occurs when audience members critically examine evidence and arguments. (with elaboration; considering the facts, evidence,

persuasion w/out elaboration; relying on intuitive feeling in response to peripheral aspects

causes mental discomfort and makes someone to change when new info conflicts with their previous mindset

a good result or something that creates positive feeling for the listener

a characteristic of something you are describing

categorizes listener to responds to a persuasive message to the latitude of acceptance, rejection, and non commitment

a statement with which you want your audience to agree

focuses on whether something is true or false or whether it did not

calls for the listener to judge the worth or importance of something

advocates change in a policy, procedure, or behavior

being informed,skilled or knowledgable about one's subject

reflects whether the speaker is perceived as strategic

characterisc of a talented, charming, attractive speaker

the impression of a speaker's credibility that listeners have before the speaker starts a speech

the perception of a speaker's credibility that is formed during a speech

the final impression listeners have of a speaker's credibility after a speech concludes

uses specific examples to reach a general conclusion

an all encompassing statement

compares one thing,person, or process with another to predict how something will perform an respond

using the existence of one or more events to reach a specific conclusion that another event has occurred or will occur

moves from a general statement of principle to a specific,certain conclusion

three-part argument that consists of a major premise, a minor premise and a conclusion

a specific statement about an example that is lined to the major premise; the second element of syllogism

the logical outcome of a deductive argument, which stems from the major premise and the minor premise

reasoning in which the relationship between two or more events leads you to conclude that one or more of the events caused the others

something that has been directly observed to be true or can be proven to be true by verifiable evidence

a conclusion based on available evidence or partial information

illustrations used to dramatize or clarify a fact

a number used to summarize several facts or samples

a statement by someone who has reversed his or her position on a given issue

false resoning that occurs when someone attempts to persuade without adequate evidence or with arguments that are irrelevant or inappropriat

a faulty cause-and-effect connection between two things or events

reasoning that suggests that because everyone else believes something or is doing something then it must be valid or correct

the oversimplification of an issue into choice between only two outcomes or possibilities

a conclusion reached without adequate evidence

an attack on irrelevant personal characteristics of the person who is proposing an idea,rather than on the idea itself

irrelevant facts or information used to distract someone from the issue under discussion

testimony of an expert to endorse an idea or product but the expert doesnt have the correct credentials or expertise

an idea or conclusion that does not relate to or follow from the previous idea or conclusion

a shared belief based on the underlying values, cultural heritage, and faith of a group or people