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Immune Disorders
40 cards·by jhalli
Innate immunity is
fully functional without previous exposure to foreign substances
Acquired or adapted immunity is
enhanced by exposure to specific antigens
Innate immunity has different ways of working. Physical & chemical barriers
skin; inner lining of mucous membranes in organs
What is an example of a mast cell
histamines
What are cytokines
chemical messengers
What do cytokines stimulate
bone marrow to produce more WBC
What are the characteristics of B cells
produced and mature in bone marrow and reside in lymph nodes and spleen and circulate in blood
and lymph
B cells undergo what
clonal selection
What does clonal expansion produce
antibody secreting plasma cells + memory B cells
What are the characteristics of T cells
produced in bone marrow and mature in thymus function in cell mediated immunity against virus
infected cells and cancer cells
Cytotoxic T cells destroy
foreign cells
Helper T cells secrete
cytokines that control immune response
Autoimmune diseases arise from
an overactive immune response of the body against itself
Example of autoimmune diseases include
DM 1 RA Chrohns and MS
Diabetes Type 1 (juvenile)
insulin deficiency because of death of pancreas beta cells
Plant insulin derived from
bitter melon Momordica charantia from the cucmber family
Where is bitter melon native to
tropics widely grown in India Asia Africa and Caribbean
Bitter melon contain a protein similar to
bovine insulin
RA is a chronic disease resulting from
pro-inflammatory cytokines
Curcumin in turmeric have what properties that help with RA
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
HIV has what kind of genetic material
RNA
How many people worldwide are affected with AIDS/HIV
42 million infected and 20 million died
What multi drug approach is used for AIDS
reverse transcriptase inhibitors protease inhibitors and HIV fusion inhibitors
What is a natural RT inhibitor
Quercetin a flavonoid in red apples and red onions
Protease inhibitors inhibt
protein synthesis which affects capsid formation
What are some natural protease inhibitors
soy rice and corn
HIV fusion inhibitors (Fuzeon) inhibits
fusion of the viral envelope and blocks viral entry into CD4 cells
The alkaloid Papaverine isolated from Papaver somniferum
demonstrate anti HIV activities
What family does Papaver somniferum belong to
opium poppy family Papaveraccae
When Papaverine is taken orally CD4 increased by how much
by 50%
How papaverine works
inhibits binding of HIV with CD4 cells and also affects viral DNA synthesis
The protein trichosanthin from the Chinese cucumber is
a novel protein as an anti HIV agent
Trichosanthin affects what
protein synthesis required for formation of new viruses
MAP30 protein from bitter melon
exhibits an enzyme (HIV-1 integrase) required for gene expression of virus
Where is the coumarine glycocoumarine isolated from
licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
What is found to be a potent inhibitor of an enzyme HIV-reverse transcriptase
a latex of Thai tree
How does Andrographolide work in HIV
it produces antibodies and mounts macrophages attack
Androgaphis paniculata disrupts what
virus communication channels and thus checkmates viral reproduction
What is CDK-1
a central information processing enzyme
Androgaphis paniculata can inhibit
toxic effects on T cell enzymes responsible for T cell death after infection