Chapter 12: Emergency Medications

Treats re-entry SVT, slows heart rate/conduction - Adult: 6mg rapid IV bolus over 1-3 seconds, Pedi: 0.1mg rapid IV push

Beta 2 agonist, treats for bronchospasm, COPD, asthma - Adult: 2.5mg (diluted, for inhalation), Ped: 1.25mg (under 20 kg), 2.5mg (over 20kg)

Treats AMI, STEMI, converts plasminogen into plasmin, which eats clot and restore perfusion

Treats V-Fib, and ventricular tachycardias - Adult: 300mg IV push, Pedi: 5mg/kg

Treats cyanide poisoning - Adult: 1-2 ampules crushed and inhaled every 30 seconds, Pedi: 1 ampule every 30 seconds

Treats chest pain - Adult: 160-325mg, Pedi: not recommended

Treats bradycardia, phosphate poisoning, blocker overdose - Adult: 0.5mg IV every 3-5 mins, Pedi: 0.02mg/kg IV

Treats hypertension, reduces myocardial ischemia and damage in AMI patients - Adult: 5mg slow IV over 5 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Anesthetic, suppresses gag reflex - Adult: 0.5-1 second long spray, Pedi: 0.25-0.5 second long spray

Diuretic, treats pulmonary edema and CHF - Adult: 0.5-1mg IV slowly over 1-2 mins, Pedi: not established

Treats hypocalemia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, and blocker toxicity - Adult: 500-1000mg IV push, Pedi: 20mg/kg slow IV push

Counteracts toxicity of hyperkalemia - Adult: 500-1000mg slow IV push, Pedi: 60-100mg/kg slow IV push over 5-10 mins

Treats heart issues as substitute for aspirin - Adult: 300-600mg, Pedi: not recommended

Treats anaphylaxis, asthma, and shock by suppressing inflammation - Adult: 10-100mg IV, Pedi: 0.25-1mg/kg IV

Treats hypoglycemia, seizure, epilepsy, altered level of consciousness - Adult: 12.5-25g slow IV push, Pedi: 0.5-1g, Babies: 200-500mg

Sedative, treats anxiety and seizures - Adult: 5mg IV over 5 minutes, max of 30mg, Pedi: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg slow IV over 2-5 mins

Treats CHF, A-Fib - Adult: 4-6 micrograms over 5 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Treats A-Fib related symptoms, tachycardia - Adult: 0.25mg/kg IV over 2 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Allergy relief, treats motion sickness - Adult: 25-50mg, Pedi: 1-2mg/kg slow IV

Treats CHF, cardio shock - Adult: IV infusion at 2-20 micrograms, Pedi: (same as adult)

Treats nausea/vomiting - Adult: 12.5mg IV, Pedi: 0.35mg/kg IV (2-16 year olds only)

Treats distributive/cardio/septic shock, hypotension, bradycardia - Adult: IV infusion at 2-20 micrograms, Pedi: (same as adult)

For cardiac arrest, bradycardia, hypotension, anaphylaxis, asthma - Adult: 0.3-0.5mg; 0.1mg of 1:10,000 solution; 1mg, Pedi: 0.01mg/kg

Treats asthma, bronchospasms, laryngeal edema - Adult: 2-5 inhalations every 5 mins, Pedi: Dilute 0.25mL in 2.5mL saline

Treats angina, NSTEMI - Adult: 180 micrograms IV bolus over 1-2 mins followed by 2 microgram infusion over 72-96 hrs, Pedi: not recommended

Hypnotic, for intubation or cardioversion - Adult: 0.2-0.6mg/kg IV over 30-60 seconds, Pedi: 0.2-0.4mg/kg

For pain management - Adult: 50-100 micrograms slow push over 1-2 mins, Pedi: 1-2 micrograms

Treats shock, anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD - Adult: 4mg/kg slow IV bolus, Pedi: 2mg/kg slow IV bolus

Reversal of side effects from Benzodiazepine - Adult: 1st = 0.2mg; 2nd = 0.3mg; 3rd = 0.5mg (15-30 seconds), Pedi: not recommended

Treats cyanide poisoning - Adult: 5g over 15 mins, Pedi: 70mg/kg

Treats epilepsy, seizure - Adult: loading dose of 10-20mg; max of 150mg - Pedi: (same as adult)

Sedative, treats nausea/vomiting - Adult: 25-100mg (IM only), Pedi: 0.5-1mg (IM only)

Treats CHF, pulmonary edema, hypertensive crisis - Adult: 0.5-1mg over 1-2 mins, Pedi: 1mg

Treats hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia - Adult: 10-25 units, Pedi: 0.1-0.2 units

Treats altered consciousness due to hypoglycemia, reverses blockers - Adult: 0.5-1mg forhypoglycemia; 3-10mg over 3-5 mins for blockers

Treats bronchospasms, COPD - Adult: 200-500 micrograms via nebulized inhalation every 20 mins, up to 3 times, Pedi: (same as adult)

Treats psychotic episodes - Adult: 2-5mg (IM only) 30-60 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Treats asthma, bronchospasms - Adult: 1-2 inhalations of 2.5-5mg, Pedi: 0.01mg

Treats AMI, prophylaxis, thromboembolic disorders - Adult: IV bolus 60U/kg; max 4,000 IU, Pedi: not recommended

For pain management - Adult: 30-60mg (IM), Pedi: not recommended

Treats hypertension - Adult: 10mg push over 10 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Treats bronchospasms, COPD, asthma - Adult: 1.25-2.5mg nebulized every 20 mins, Pedi: 0.075mg/kg

Treats cardiac arrest, V-Fib, tachycardias - Adult: 1-1.5mg/kg; repeat dose: 0.5-0.75mg/kg every 5 mins, Pedi: 1mg/kg

Sedative, treats epilepsy, seizures, anxiety - Adult: 2-4mg slow push, Pedi: 0.05-0.20mg/kg slow push

Treats seizures of pregnancy, hypomagnesemia, V-Fib, dysrhythmias - Adult: Seizure = 1-4g of 10% solution; MI = 1-2g, Pedi: 25-50mg/kg

Treats cerebral edema, intracranial pressure - Adult: 0.5-1g (5-10 mins), Pedi: 0.5-1g (30-60 mins)

For pain management - Adult: 50-100mg (IM) or 25-50mg slow IV, Pedi: 1-2mg/kg

Treats asthma, bronchospasms, COPD - Adult: 2-3 inhalations (2 mins in-between) or nebulized 0.2-0.3mL 5% dilute in 2.5mL saline, Pedi: N/R

Treats spinal trauma, anaphylaxis, asthma - Adult: trauma = 30mg over 30 mins; asthma = 1-2mg/kg IV, Pedi: (same as adult)

Treats PSVT, A-Fib, AMI, - Adult: 5mg slow push IV at 5 min intervals (total of 15mg), Pedi: not established

Sedative - Adult: 2-2.5mg slow IV over 2-3 mins, Pedi: 0.1-0.3mg/kg

Treats STEMI, CHF, pulmonary edema, chest pain, AMI, manages pain - Adult: For STEMI = 2-4mg slow IV over 1-5 mins, Pedi: 0.1-0.2mg/kg

Treats chest pain - Adult: 2-5mg slow IV, Pedi: not recommended

Treats hypertensive crisis, angina - Adult: 10mg SL or buccal, Pedi: not recommended

Treats angina, CHF, hypertension, pulmonary edema - Adult: Tablet = 0.3-0.4mg; Spray = 1-2 sprays...max of 3 sprays in 15 mins - Pedi: N/R

Treats angina, hypertension, CHF, pulmonary edema - Adult: Apply 1/2"-3/4" 15-30mg cover w/ wrap and secure w/ tape, Pedi: not recommended

Treats anxiety, manages pain - Adult: Instruct patient to inhale deeply through applied mask, Pedi: (same as adult)

Treats shock, hypotension - Adult: 0.1-0.5 micrograms, Pedi: 0.1-2 micrograms

Treats nausea/vomiting - Adult: 4mg IV, Pedi: 0.1mg/kg

Treats hypoglycemia - Adult: 15-45g, Pedi: 5-45g

Treats hypoxemia, chest pain, cO2 poisoning - Adult: 10-15L, Pedi: (same as adult)

Treats hemorrhage after childbirth - Adult: 10 units (IM); 10-40 units in 1000mL diluent, Pedi: n/a

Paralytic to assist with venting after intubation - Adult: 0.06-0.1mg/kg slow IV, Pedi: 0.04-0.1mg/kg

Treats epilepsy, seizures - Adult: 100-250mg slow IV, Pedi: 10-20 mg/kg slow IV

Treats prophylaxis, seizures, dysrhythmias - Adult: 10-20mg slow IV (seizures); 50-100mg (disrhythmia), Pedi: (same as adult for seizures)

Antidote for poisoning - Adult: 1-2g, Pedi: 20-40mg/kg

Treats V-Tach, A-Fib - Adult: 20mg/min slow IV up to 50mg if urgent, Pedi: loading dose of 15mg/kg

Treats nausea/vomiting - Adult: 12.5-25mg, Pedi: (older than 2 years) 0.25-0.5mg/kg

Sedative, anesthetic - Adult: 1.5-3mg/kg, Pedi: 2.5-3.5mg/kg

Treats hypertension, angina, V-Tach, V-Fib - Adult: 1mg/min...max of 5mg, Pedi: 0.01-0.05mg/kg slow IV over 10 mins

For rapid-sequence intubation - Adult: 0.6-1.2mg/kg, Pedi: (older than 3 months) 0.6-1.2mg/kg

Treats metabolic acidosis during cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia crush injuries - Adult: 1 mEq/kg slow IV, Pedi: (same as adult)

For cyanide poisoning - Adult: 300mg slow IV (10mL of a 3% solution) slow IV over 5 mins, Pedi: 10mg/kg (0.33mL/kg of a 10% solution)

For cyanide poisoning - Adult: 12.5g (50mL of a 25% solution slow IV over 10 mins), Pedi: 400mg/kg (1.65mg/kg of a 25% solution over 10mins)

Treats AMI, pulmonary emboli - Adult: (requires reconstitution) 500,000-1,500,000 IU diluted to 45mL IV over 1 hr, Pedi: not established

For rapid-sequence intubation - Adult: 1-1.5mg rapid IV, Pedi: (same as adults), 2mg for Infants

Treats asthma, bronchospasms, bronchitis, emphysema - Adult: 0.25mg SC, Pedi: not recommended

Treats coma, delirium, encephalopathy - Adult: 100mg slow IV, Pedi: 10-25mg slow IV

For acute coronary syndrome - Adult: loading dose 0.4 micrograms IV for 30 mins, Pedi: not recommended

Vasopressor for cardiac arrest after epi is given - Adult: 40 unit one time dose, Pedi: 0.4-1 unit (max of 40)

For rapid-sequence intubation - Adult: 0.1-0.2mg IV push, Pedi: 0.1-0.3mg

Treats A-Fib - Adult: 2.5mg IV bolus over 2 mins, Pedi: 0.01-0.02mg IV bolus over 2 mins

Treats hypovolemic shock - Titrated according to patient's hemodynamic response)

Treats hypovolemic shock - Titrated according to patient's physiologic response)

Treats hypovolemic shock - Titrated according to patient's physiologic response)

Treats hypovolemic shock - Titrated according to patient's physiologic response)

For dilution of concentrated drugs - Administered through minidrip

For neonatal resuscitation, hypoglycemia - Administration depends on patient condition

Treats heat exhaustion/stroke, hypovolemia, diabetic ketoacidosis - Administration depends on patient condition

For patients with diminished renal or cariovascular function - Administration depends on patient situation

Treats heat exhaustion, diabetes - Administration depends on patient situation

Treats heat-related disorders, drowning, hypovolemia, peritonitis - Administration depends on patient situation

Treats hypovolemic shock, hemorrhagic shock, acidosis - Large bore catheter used for infusion

Treats narcotic drug overdose - Adult: 0.4-2mg, Pedi: 0.1mg/kg

Subtract 32, then multiply by 0.555

10 millimeters

1 meter

"Treatment should be given"

"It is reasonable to give treatment"

"Treatment may be considered"

"Do NOT give treatment"

"Treatment is in the middle of being researched"

Pediatric and geriatric

Left

Right

1,000 (or move the decimal point 3 places to the RIGHT)

1,000 (or move the decimal point 3 places to the LEFT)

1. Estimate the patient's weight in pounds - 2. Convert pounds to kilograms

Divide the amount of pounds by 2.2 (1 kg = 2.2 pounds)

Multiply by 1.8, then add 32

0

Desired dose (mg) divided by concentration of drug on hand (mg/mL) = volume to be administered

-Volume to be infused... -Period over which it is to be infused... -Properties of the administration set you are using...

gtt/min

(desired dose) divided by (concentration) = number of pills/tablets

60 gtt/mL - 10 or 15 gtt/mL

Insulin

Abdominal Wall, then the arm, and finally the thigh (being the slowest absorption site)

AHA Classification of Recommendations and Level of Evidence

Aspirin

bis in die (twice a day)

quisque die (every day)

Ringer's lactate

unit

keep open

hora somni (at bedtime)

Your local training agency

8 to 12 hours

Magnesium Sulfate