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Biology and Chemistry of Cooking

introduction; vocab

29 cards·by rebeccaholloway
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sustenance
food or drink regarded as a source of strength or nourishment
agriculture
the science or practice of farming
industustrialization
development of industry on a large scale
domestication
adaptation to intimate association with human beings
charring
slightly burning something, as in the surface or edges
hybridisation
the act of mixing different species or varieties of plants or animals
cultivating
preparing or using for crops or gardening
hominids
a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors
macromolecules
a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer
affinity
a spontaneous or natural liking or sympathy for someone or something
osmosis
the movement of water molecules from a higher water potential to a lower water potential through a concentration gradient and they diffuse
earthenware
vessels, etc. make out of baked clay (such as a clay pot)
maize
the traditional sacred food of most of the Amer
scurvy
a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by swollen bleeding gums and the opening of previously healed wounds, which par
ascorbic acid
a vitamin found particularly in citrus fruits and green vegetables. It is essential in maintaining healthy connective tissue, and is also th
caramelization
when sugar melts from solid to a liquid, but then breaks apart to form hundreds of new compounds
solution
material in which individual molecules are dispersed in a liquid (salt brines, sugar syrup)
suspension
material in which clusters of molecules are dispersed in a liquid (nonfat milk)
emulsion
a special type of suspension in which the dispersed substance is a liquid that cant mix evenly with the containing liquid (oil and vinegar d
gel
dispersion of water in a solid (fruit jelly)
foam
ispersion of gas in a liquid or solid (bread, head on a glass of beer)
fermetation
the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria
parasite
an organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense
osmotic pressure
the pressure that would have to be applied to a pure solvent to prevent it from passing into a given solution by osmosis, often used to expr
colloid
a mixture with properties between those of a solution and fine suspension
emulsion
a fine dispersion of minute droplets of one liquid in another in which it is not soluble or miscible
viscosity
the state of being thick due to internal friction
coagulation
the process of forming semi-solid lumps in a liquid
gel-sol
The sol-gel process, also known as chemical solution deposition, is a wet-chemical technique widely used in the fields of materials science