Mental Health Final

restrict food intake or binge eat and purge

self-starvation, intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed self-evaluation, triggered by stress

bradycardia, amenorrhea, cardiac murmur, sudden cardiac arrest, electrolyte abnormalities

asses for SI, monitor physiological parameters, routinely weigh patient, education, identify pt strenghts

emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others

unconscious process of substituting constructive and socially acceptable activity for strong impulses that aren't acceptable

conscious denial of disturbing situation or feeling

exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions, ideas from conscious awareness

transfer of emotions associated with a particular person, object, or situation to another person, object, or situation that is nonthreatenin

unacceptable feelings or behaviors are kept out of awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotions

transforming anxiety on an unconscious level into a physical symptom that has no organic cause

compensates for an act or communication

justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions, or feelings by developing acceptable explanations that satisfy the teller and listener

aggression toward others is expressed through procrastination, failure, inefficiency, passivity, illnesses that affect others more than self

addresses emotional conflicts or stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings

diruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, perception in environment

emotional conflicts or stressors are handled by attributing negative qualities to self or others

emotional conflicts or stressors are addressed by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others

inability to integrate the positive and negative qualities of oneself or others into a cohesive image

unconsciously rejects emotionally unacceptable personal features and attributes them to other people, objects, or situations

escaping unpleasant realties by ignoring their existence

answer

inhibits a person from living life

pain, guilt, fatigue, anergia, anhedonia, slowed thinking, speaking, moving, SI, insomnia, crying spells, physical changes

complete loss of pleasure in life and inability to feel better

indicates onset within 4 weeks after childbirth

indicates that episodes mostly begin fall or wanter and remit in spring

significant amounts of anxiety along with depress

increased risk of suicide

includes some of these: echopraxia, grimacing, posturing, negativism, waxy flexibility, agitation, mutism

long-standing sensitivity to rejection, weight gain, increased appetite, sleeping too much

depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, lasts longer than 2 years

indicates mood reactivity, rejection sensitivity, hypersomnia, hyperphagia, laden paralysis

ability to function at work & social situations, chronic low, eating too much/little, negative thinking, anergia, trouble sleeping

anhedonia, anergia, anxiety, flat affect, feelings of guilt, hopelessness, changes in eating/sleep/bowels, monotone, cognition

first line therapy, SE-less anticholinergic effects, N/V, serotonin syndrome, treats depression, anxiety, OCD, panic disorder

increase norepinephrine, SE-anticholinergic effects, 1st line choice for elderly, need EKG before starting

used for atypical depression, MDD, GAD, PTSD, OCD, bulima, phobias, hypertensive crisis can occur, avoid tyramine

puts pt into seizure until shock stops, painful, memory loss, disorientated, confusion, last resort

Duty to act so as to benefit or promote the good of others

Respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions

Duty to distribute resources or care equally, regardless of personal attributes

Maintaining loyalty and commitment to the patient and doing no wrong to the patient

duty to communicate truthfully

requires medical and psychiatric care and treatment be provided to anyone admitted to public hospital

right to withhold or withdraw consent for treatment any time

informed consent must be obtained by physician or other health care professional to perform treatment or procedure

habitual psychological and physiological dependence on alcohol beyond one's voluntary control

Craving to compulsive use, continued use, loss of control, cognitive impairment

signs peak in 24-48 hours, seizures occur in 7-48 hours after last drink, irritability, illusions

heavy drink: drinks every day and becomes intoxicated several times a month

Benzos (librium, ativan), anticonvulsants, beta blockers, banana bag (magnesium, thiamine, folic acid, vitamins)

reduces or eliminates alcohol craving

helps patient abstain from alcohol

works to decrease alcohol cravings

reacts with alcohol causing unpleasant reaction

develops as a result of trauma, domestic abuse, natural disasters, seeing traumatic event

trouble sleeping, nightmares, hallucinations, flashbacks, self-destructive behaviors, depression, SI, agoraphobia, addictions, irritability

CBT (1st line), group therapy, family therapy, CID, relaxation techniques

SSRI (1st line tx), prazosin (nightmares), benzos/MAOIS (panic attacks), anticonvulsants, antipsychotics

chronic psychiatric disorder associated with severe distress, cognitive dysfunction, poor health related outcomes, impaired functioning

SSRI/SNRI-1st line, benzos-short term, TCAs-2nd/3rd line, beta blockers- physical symptoms, buspirone

behavioral & emotional disorder, children and adolescents violate rights of others & societal rules

act of intentionally ending one's own life and opting for nonexistence

allows physician to help patients end their life if they meet these conditions: terminal illness, request in writing & verbally

substance abuse, anxiety, insomnia, troubled emotional lives, socioeconomic problems, family history, bullied

higher the score indicates higher risk for suicide

end-of-life services to ensure the patient is comfortable and the family is supported

focuses end-of-life care on symptom relief and acceptance of dying as a natural process

helps recognize that grief is a part of the complex process of living with a terminal prognosis

efforts one makes to manage grief

accept reality of loss, process pain of grief & care for self, adjust to world w/o deceased, find connection with deceased in new life

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

social experience of dealing with the death of a loved one

emotionally unable to accept pain of loss, may look as if person is functioning like a robot

waves of anguish & pain are experience and may be localized in chest or epigastric area, along with anger, guilt, and crying

stabilizes depression & mania (bipolar), toxic effects-tremor, ataxia, confusion, convulsions, N/V, toxic above 1.5

professional, goal-directed, scientifically based communication

premature advice/approval, minimizing feelings, falsely reassuring, making value judgements, excessive questioning, changing subject,

disease that begins to damage brain long before symptoms appear, primary dementia diagnosis

marked by impaired cognitive function & slowly deteriorating social & occupational functioning

memory impairment

loss of language ability

loss of purposeful movement in the absence of motor or sensory impairment

loss of sensory ability to recognize objects

amnesia, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia

tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine, ergoloid mesylates

mild, forgetful ness

moderate, confusion

moderate to severe, unable to identify familiar objects or people

late, end stage

3 layers-conscious, preconscious, unconscious, personality strucutre-ID, EGO, Superego

primitive, pleasure seeking of our personalities that lurks in the unconscious mind

sense of self and acts as an intermediary between id and the world by using ego defense mechanisms such as repression, denial, rationalizing

conscience, greatly influenced by our parents' or caregivers' moral and ethical stance

current awareness

accessible but not currently subject of our attention

primitive feelings, drives, memories, especially traumatic & unbearable

uses total environment, people, setting, structure, & emotional climate are all important to healing

anxiolytic agent with less potential for dependence, good short term relief especially GAD

results from ingestion of tyramine while taking an MAOI

dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, drug-induced parkinsonism, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, orthostatic hypotension

concerns and mild to moderate anxiety prior to first clinical day

1st time nurse & patient meet & are strangers to each other, can last a few meetings or over longer period

nurse & patient together identify & explore areas in the patient's life causing problems, learn new coping behaviors

psychotherapy, antidepressants, anti-anxiety meds, support groups

ends when pt is discharged, summarize goals & coping mechanisms, exchange memories

occurs in residences where the dominant person attempts to control the other person, usually female, not always, can be any form of abuse

average 1-10 days, prevent dangerous behavior, pt harm to self or others

disrupts ability to perceive reality accurately, experience normal emotions, engage in normal experiences, targets teens/early 20s

ceasing to bath/groom/dress, loosing touch with family/friends, apathy, blunted feelings/emotions, anhedonia, angeria, slow speech/movement

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech

false beliefs that are believed even when attempted to disprove

at least 1 episode of persistent elevated, expansive, irritable mood, alternates with major depression, impaired functioning, psychosis

hypomanic episode alternating with at least 1 major depressive episode, no psychosis, hypomania tends to be euphoric

helps clients make connection between emotions, thinking processes, & behaviors, stops automatic thoughts

unstable mood, feeling of feel-being, cheerful in a beautiful world, becoming one with God

goal is to prevent injury, medical stabilization, self-care needs, can last up to 2 months

lithium, anticonvulsants-depakote, lamictal, carbamazepine, clonazepam, lorazepam, atypical antipsychotics

ECT, milieu management, support groups, health teaching/promotion, CBT, family-focused therapy, IPSRT

hyperactivity, restless ness, tachycardia, shock, fever, elevated BP, altered mental status, apnea/death, mood swings, seizures, abd pain

discontinue offending agent, cooling blankets, dantrolene, anticonvulsants, ventilation, paralysis, serotonin receptor blockade, dizaepam

decreased leel of consciousness, increased muscle tone, autonomic dysfunction

early detection, discontinuation of antipsychotic agent, mange fluid balance, reduce temperature, monitor for complications

appears after prolong treatment, usually not reversible, involuntary tonic muscle spasms typically involved tongue/fingers/toes/trunk/neck

personality traits are exaggerated & rigid to the point that they cause dysfunction in relationships

arrogant, think they are special, expect special treatment, lack of empathy, attention seeking, manipulate others, paranoid, splitting

change in cognition, develops of short period, temporary, always secondary

needs are placed conceptually on a pyramid with basic/important needs on the lower level. Physiological needs-bottom, self-transcendent-top

repeated episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors

dehydration, erosion of teeth, parotid gland enlargement, electrolyte imbalance, cardiac arrest, dysrhyhmias

3 basic types: maturational, situational, adventitious (Disasters)

promotes mental health and reduces mental illness to decrease the incidence of crisis

establishes the intervention during an acute crisis to prevent prolonged anxiety from diminishing personal effectiveness & organization

provides support for those who have experienced a severe crisis and are now recovering from a disabling mental state

tertiary intervention directed toward a group that has experienced a crisis