Ch 14

musculoskeletal terms

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medical terminologymusculoskeletal

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abduction

movement of drawing away from the middle

adduction

movement of drawing toward the middle

alignmen

t placing of portions of a fractured bone into correct anatomical position

ambulate/ambulatory

able to walk

ankylosing spondylitis

form of arthritis that first affects the spine and adjacent structures and as it progresses causes a foward bend of the spine

ankylosis

abnormal condition of stiffness

aponeurorrhaphy

suture of an aponeurosis

arthralgia

pain in the joint

arthritis

inflammation of a joint

arthrocentesis

surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluid

arthroclasia

surgical breaking of a joint

arthrodesis

fusion of a joint

arthrogram

x-ray film of a joint

arthrography

x-ray filming of a joint

arthroplasty

surgical repair of a joint

arthroscopy

visual examination inside a joint with a scope

arthrotomy

incision of a joint

atrophy

without development

bradykinesia

slow movement

bunion

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

bursectomy

excision of a bursa

bursitis

inflammation of a bursa

bursotomy

incision of a bursa

carpal

pertaining to the wrist

carpal tunnel syndrome

a common painful disorder of the wrist

carpectomy

excision of a wrist bone

chiropractic

therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column

chiropractor

specialist in therapy consiting of manipulation of vertebral column

chondrectomy

excision of a cartilage

chondromalacia

softening of cartilage

chondroplasty

surgical repair of a cartilage

clavicular

pertaining to the collarbone

Colles fracture

type of wrist fracture at distal end of radius and distal fragment being displaced backward

costal

pertaining to a rib

costectomy

excision of a rib

costochondral

pertaining to the ribs and cartilage

cranial

pertaining to the skull

cranioplasty

surgical repair of the skull

cranioschisis

fissure of the skull

craniotomy

incision into the skull

crepitus

crackling sound heard when two bones rub against each other

deformity/deformed

distortion of any part or disfigurement of the body

diskectomy

excision of an intervertebral disk

diskitis

inflammation of an intervertebral disk

dislocate/dislocation

temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint

subscapular

pertaining to below the scapula - shoulder blade

substernal

pertaining to below the sternum

supination

movement that turns the palm up

suprapatellar

pertaining to above the patella

suprascapular

pertaining to above the scapula - shoulder blade

symmetry

both sides being equal

symphysis

growing together

synovectomy

excision of the synovial membrane (of a joint)

synoviosarcoma

malignant tumor of the synovial membrane

tarsals

pertaining to the bones of the ankle

tarsectomy

excision of one or more ankle (tarsal) bones

tendinitis

inflammation of a tendon

tenomyoplasty

surgical repair of the tendon and muscle

tenorrhaphy

suture of a tendon

tenosynovitis

inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane

tenotomy

incision of the tendon

tibial

pertaining to the tibia

traction

pulling force exerted on a limb in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal position

ulnar

pertaining to the medial lower arm bone

ulnoradial

pertaining to the ulna and radius

vertebral

pertaining to a back bone (vertebra)

vertebrocostal

pertaining to the vertebrae and ribs

vertebroplasty

surgical repair of the vertebra