319 true/false

exam 2

60 cards·by kichelson

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Methane produced by rumen microbes is a source of energy loss for ruminants animals

true

cellulolytic bacteria function optimally at a lower pH than amylolytic bacteria

false

sucrasse is present at high levels at birth in ruminants

false

forage digestion produces the acetate that is a major energy source for rumen papillae growth

false

in the rumen, fermentation of one glucose molecule has the potential to yield two molecules of propionate

true

in the rumen, fermentation of one glucose molecule has the potential to yield two molecules of butyrate, one methane, and a carbon dioxide

false

only central nervous system cells can utilize glucose for energy production

false

glucose uptake in the liver does not require insulin

true

the liver is the only tissue or organ that can export glucose back to the ciruclation

true

central nervous system prefers ketones as it's primary energy source

false

glucose uptake in the liver does not require insulin

false

during the Cori cycle, the liver utilizes lactic acid that has been produced in the muscle to synthesize glucose

true

glycolysis converts glucose to two molecules of proline

false

more ATP is ultimately generated from reaction occurring during glycolysis than from the reactions occurring in the TCA cycle

false

the pentose phosphate pathway is important for the production of ATP

false

excess glucose can be converted to fatty acids for storage in adipose tissue in ruminants

true

muscle glycogen is broken down to glucose that can only be used by muscle tissue

true

glycogenesis is an important pathway fro breaking down muscle glycogen

false

monogastrics cannot use gluconeogenic pathways

false

type I diabetes only occurs in overweight adults

false

ketones are partially oxidized fatty acids

true

bile salts produce smaller lipid spheres with a greater surface area for digestion

true

Beta-oxidation of fatty acids is used to generate triglycerides

false

the two carbon units generated during beta-oxidation of fatty acids enter the TCA cycle as acetyl-CoA

true

during fatty acid biosynthesis, two carbon units are repeatedly added from the carboxyl end

true

ruminants preferentially synthesized fatty acids from acetate

true

horses can tolerate no more than 20% fat because they do not have a gall bladder

true

monogastric animals cannot synthesize fatty acids from glucsoe

false

overfeeding fat leads to more efficient fat depostition than overfeeding carbohydrateds

true

rumen degradeable protein is never utilized by rumen microbeds

false

solulbe proteins are more readily available to rumen microbes than insoluble proteins

true

D-amino acids are found in nature and available to the animal for protein synthesis

false

only free amino acids can be absorbed by small intestinal enterocytes

true

blood proteins create the osmotic pressure in blood that helps maintain fluid balance

true

in ruminants, protein digestion is initiated in the cecum

false

monogastric animals cannot synthesize fatty acids from glucose

false

ketones are partially oxidized fatty acids

true

bile salts produce smaller lipid spheres with a greater surface area for digestion

true

beat-oxidation of fatty acids is used to generate triglycerides

false

the two carbon unites generated during beta-oxidation of fatty acids enter the TCA cycle as acetyl-CoA

true

during fatty acid biosynthesis, two carbon units are repeatedly added from the caroxyl end

true

ruminants preferentially synthesize fatty acids from acetate

true

horses can tolerate no more than 20% fat because they do not have a gall bladder

true

overfeeding fat leads to more efficient fat deposition than overfeeding carbohydrates

true

microbes provide a high quality protein source to ruminant animals

true

rumen degradable protein is never utilized by rumen microbes

false

soluble proteins are more readily available to rumen microbes than insoluble proteins

true

d-amino acids are found in nature and available to the animal for protein synthesis

true

only free amino acids can be absorbed by small intestinal enterocytes

false

blood proteins create the osmotic pressure in blood that helps maintain fluid balance

true

in ruminants, protein digestion is initiated in the cecum

false

small intestinal cells prefer to utilize glutamate for energy

true

excess amino acids that are absorbed by the body can be used as an energy source

true

in ruminants, insoluble proteins are typically broken down by microbes

false

rates of protein synthesis and degradation are regulated by insulin and glucagon

true

of all the tissues in the body, gut has the fastest rate of protein synthesis

true

for monogastrics, protein quality is related to essential amino acid composition

true

biological value refers to the amount of ATP generated by a gram of protein

false

dogs have a higher protein requirement than cats

false

cats have more than 10 essential amino acids required for their diets

true