Biology test two

27 cards·by Rbuck

Study this deck

nucleoli (nucleolus)

where RNA is produced

cytology

study of cells

nucleoid

contains DNA; no nuclear membrane

Robert Hooke

came up with the name "cells"

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

first to observe unicellular organisms

prokaryotic Cells

lack membrane bound organelles, no true nucleus EX: bacteria & cyanobacteria

capsule

serves as protection

flagella

for locomotion

pili

function in attachment and reproduction

Eukaryotic Cells

membrane- bounded nucleus & organelles

nucleus

control center

chromatin

relaxed form of DNA

Chromosomes

condensed & coiled DNA formed during cell Division

ribosomes

site of protein synthesis Located: RER or cytoplasm

nuclear envelope

double membrane

RER (rough endoplamic reticulum)

studded with ribsomes; site of protein synthesis

SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum)

lacks ribsomes; helps produce lipids; detoxification of drugs; moves around cell

golgi apparatus

modifies, sorts, proteins (organic molecule) for use in teh cell or secretion from the cell

Lysosomes

produced by the Golgi apparatus; contain digestive enzymes (suicide sac) EX: white blood cells

vacuoles

large memebranous sac PLANT vacuoles store water, sugars, salts, pigment, toxic substance

chloroplasts

site of photo-synthesis

mitochondria

site of ATP production (cellular respiration)

cytoskeleton

network of connected filaments and tubules

centrioles

plant & fungal cells dont contain centrioles; helps organize the mitotic spindle

cytoplasm

semi-fluid medium between the nucleus and the plasma membrane

cell (plasma) membrane

phospholipid bilayer; selectively permeable

cell wall

gives structure and support to the plant *only plant*