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How do geologists learn about Earth’s Interior?
by using Direct and Indirect evidence
How do geologists get direct evidence?
drill deep ( 12.3 miles) to get samples *volcanic blasts out from 100+ Km *recreate conditions
of earth’s interior to see how rocks behave *
How do geologists get indirect evidence?
• Record and analyze seismic waves ( earthquake waves) • Look at the speed and path they travel
-example- similar to waves ocean going arou
What is the crust?
forms outer skin; solid rock that includes dry land and ocean floor
What are the differences between the two crusts?
ocean crust- uniform basalt, dark fine grain
What are the three layers of the mantle?
lithosphere, asthenosphere, and mesosphere
What is the core made of?
iron/ nickel
What are two principles of heat transfer?
always being transferred inside earth and transfer warmer -> cooler objects
What are the three types of heat transfer?
radiation, convection, and conduction
What is radiation?
transfer light /heat through air- warms
What is convection?
current created as warm air rises- cools warm air above; movement of a fluid
What is conduction?
transfer of heat from one material to another; materials are touching
How do geologists classify rocks?
study the mineral composition, color, texture
What are the four ways to classify rocks?
composition, color, texture, origin